Add Professional Pizazz To Your Resume With These Adjectives

When writing a resume, it is crucial to sell yourself as best you can and highlight all of your strongest qualities while focusing on your experiences and successes. That being said, your resume won’t turn heads with common, boring words like good, fine, and nice. No, you need to make your resume truly shine with some bold, magnificent words that will make you stand out.

That is where adjectives come into play. Not just any adjectives, though, but powerful adjectives that vividly describe how impressive you and your past accomplishments are. By skillfully using adjectives, you can make it clear that you are exactly the right person for the job.

What is an adjective?

Adjectives: grammar definition

To start, an adjective is a word that modifies and describes a noun, pronoun, or anything acting as a noun in a sentence. Descriptive words like funny, green, fast, and skittish are some simple examples of adjectives. If you are trying to identify whether or not a word is an adjective, just ask yourself if it is modifying a noun or pronoun and providing some info about it. If it is, you are more than likely looking at an adjective.

Adjectives often come right before the nouns that they modify as in The happy children played with the silly puppies. However, adjectives can also be separated from their nouns if a sentence uses a linking verb like look or seem. For example, in the sentence That girl is smart the adjective smart is connected to the noun girl through the linking verb is.

🖋Adjectives in resumes

Adjectives are powerful, descriptive words that you can add to your resume to give more detail about who you are and what you have done. Adjectives can add some extra punch and pizzazz to really kick up your resume to the next level. Here are some examples:

- Developed a good inventory system.
- Developed a modern, efficient, and affordable inventory system.

You can see that the first option is really lacking the oomph that the second example has. Additionally, the second option thoroughly describes how great the system you created was. After all, those impressive adjectives wouldn’t be there without you!

Whether you’re writing a brand-new resume from scratch for the first time or are simply jazzing up your current one, here’s how to strategically make use of adjectives to really bring the heat.

How to use powerful adjectives in resumes

If you have any experience at all with resume writing, you already know that it is deceptively difficult. Because a resume’s purpose is to essentially “sell” yourself and your skillset to recruiters and hiring managers, each sentence needs to be carefully and thoughtfully crafted. You want to thoroughly describe your duties and responsibilities and your previous jobs while simultaneously telling the reader something about who you are as an employee—all while keeping it as brief as possible and trying not to be repetitive. That’s a tall order for just a few short bullet points!

That’s exactly why adjectives are so crucial to good resume writing. By simply swapping out a few words here and there, you can more clearly showcase your skills, provide as much detail as possible, and lead with the most compelling words that will keep recruiters’ eyes on your resume for longer.

Try sprinkling in some of the powerful adjectives below throughout your resume, including in your job descriptions, summary statement, and even in your cover letter. (Pro tip: you can also use them on your LinkedIn profile in the same way!)

Solved a challenging problem

If you helped your team come up with a viable solution for an ongoing issue, you could describe your process or solutions with:

masterful
skillful
excellent
strategic
magnificent
superb
adept
professional
perceptive
astute
perspicacious
clever
savvy
potent
impressive
cunning
unconventional
out-of-the-box
original
imaginative
inventive

Example: Streamlined the assembly process by developing an inventive, professional scheduling system that made clever adjustments to shift lengths in order to ensure workers make excellent progress during work hours.

Supported internal stakeholders

Internal stakeholders are people whose interest in a company is the result of a direct relationship, such as employment, ownership, or investment. Whether you interacted directly with company investors or simply managed the needs of a team of employees, elaborate on your specific experience with:

cooperative
coordinative
coordinated
collaborative
synergetic
synergistic
harmonious
unified
agreeable
open-minded
receptive
cordial
persuasive
diplomatic
humble

Example: Fostered a unified, cooperative environment in which shareholders knew that their questions and concerns would be handled by a diplomatic, open-minded representative.

Found ways to save time or money

Helping companies streamline their efforts and operate more efficiently or cost effectively is no small feat, which is why it’s such an impactful accomplishment in the eyes of recruiters. To really drive the point home on your resume, try describing your plans and solutions using:

efficient
effective
capable
affordable
productive
cost-effective
dynamic
streamlined
long-lasting
prudent
durable
reliable

Example: Improved the customer service experience by organizing an efficient, cost-effective troubleshooting process that emphasized prudent, reliable solutions to the most common issues.

Grew sales

On the other hand, it’s equally as impressive if you’ve played a major role in making the company money. Sell your great solutions, strategies, and products you with:

profitable
economical
valuable
commercial
beneficial
successful
fruitful
enticing
engaging
captivating
money-making
lucrative
remunerative
rewarding

Example: Constantly led the company to successful, lucrative quarters by ensuring customers saw our products as the most enticing and captivating items on the market.

Launched a feature or project

Did you lead the charge on an exciting new endeavor or help launch a company-wide initiative? Illustrate just how impactful your role was with:

creative
resourceful
innovative
cutting-edge
avante-garde
advanced
sleek
groundbreaking
progressive
revolutionary
state-of-the-art
unique
futuristic
ultramodern

Example: Developed a sleek, cutting-edge marketing strategy that made it clear that the company was leading the way with revolutionary, groundbreaking products.

Led a team

Strong management and leadership skills are highly valuable for job-seekers in any industry. Set yours apart from the rest by using:

authoritative
responsible
assertive
decisive
compelling
commanding
organized
resolved
driven
bold
confident
inspiring
inspirational
motivating
fearless
brave
resolute

Example: Provided inspirational, resolute leadership to a team of ten graphic artists. Acted as a bold, resolute manager while remaining decisive and confident during times of crisis.

Showed technical proficiency

Demonstrate your skill set and showcase the amount of hands-on experience you have in your industry with:

focused
determined
dedicated
practical
reasonable
logical
judicious
thorough
rational
observant
attentive
cognizant
aware
knowledgeable
mindful

Example: Remained focused and attentive when reviewing datasheets. Kept mindful of company standards and made judicious use of resources when compiling thorough error reports.

Get descriptive with adjectives

When picking the right adjectives for your resume, you really want to make yourself sound special. Don’t be afraid to kick things up a notch and use eye-catching adjectives that’ll make your resume memorable.

Words To Describe Problem-Solving On A Resume

inventive
adjective. apt at inventing or thinking up new machines or devices, methods, solutions, etc., or at improvising from what is at hand

imaginative
adjective. characterized by or bearing evidence of imagination

original
adjective. belonging or pertaining to the origin or beginning of something, or to a thing at its beginning

unconventional
adjective. not conventional

cunning
noun. skill employed in a shrewd or sly manner, as in deceiving

impressive
adjective. having the ability to impress the mind

potent
adjective. powerful

savvy
adjective. experienced, knowledgable, and well-informed

clever
adjective. mentally bright

perspicacious
adjective. having keen mental perception and understanding

astute
adjective. keenly perceptive or discerning

perceptive
adjective. having or showing keenness of insight, understanding, or intuition

professional
adjective. following an occupation as a means of livelihood or for gain

adept
adjective. very skilled

superb
adjective. admirably fine or excellent

magnificent
adjective. making a splendid appearance or show

strategic
adjective. pertaining to, characterized by, or of the nature of strategy

excellent
adjective. possessing outstanding quality or superior merit

skillful
adjective. having or exercising skill

masterful
adjective. dominating


Words To Describe A Team Player On A Resume

humble
adjective. not proud or arrogant

diplomatic
adjective. of, relating to, or engaged in diplomacy

persuasive
adjective. able, fitted, or intended to persuade

cordial
adjective. courteous and gracious

receptive
adjective. having the quality of receiving, taking in, or admitting.

open-minded
adjective. having or showing a mind receptive to new ideas or arguments.

agreeable
adjective. to one's liking

harmonious
adjective. marked by agreement in feeling, attitude, or action

synergistic
adjective. pertaining to, characteristic of, or resembling synergy

synergetic
adjective. working together

collaborative
adjective. characterized or accomplished by collaboration

cooperative
adjective. working or acting together willingly for a common purpose or benefit.


Words To Describe Saving Time Or Money On A Resume

reliable
adjective. that may be relied on or trusted

durable
adjective. able to resist wear, decay, etc., well

prudent
adjective. wise or judicious in practical affairs

long-lasting
adjective. enduring or existing for a long period of time

streamlined
adjective. having a contour designed to offer the least possible resistance to a current of air, water, etc.

dynamic
adjective. pertaining to or characterized by energy or effective action

cost-effective
adjective. producing optimum results for the expenditure.

productive
adjective. having the power of producing

affordable
adjective. that can be afforded

capable
adjective. having power and ability

effective
adjective. adequate to accomplish a purpose

efficient
adjective. performing or functioning in the best possible manner with the least waste of time and effort


Words To Describe Growing Sales On A Resume

rewarding
adjective. affording satisfaction, valuable experience, or the like

remunerative
adjective. affording remuneration

lucrative
adjective. profitable

engaging
adjective. winning

enticing
adjective. attractive

fruitful
adjective. producing good results

successful
adjective. achieving or having achieved success.

beneficial
adjective. conferring benefit

commercial
adjective. of, relating to, or characteristic of commerce.

valuable
adjective. having considerable monetary worth

economical
adjective. avoiding waste or extravagance

profitable
adjective. yielding profit


Words To Describe Leadership Skills On A Resume

resolute
adjective. firmly resolved or determined

brave
adjective. possessing or exhibiting courage or courageous endurance.

fearless
adjective. without fear

inspirational
adjective. imparting inspiration.

confident
adjective. having strong belief or full assurance

bold
adjective. not hesitating or fearful in the face of actual or possible danger or rebuff

driven
verb. past participle of drive.

resolved
adjective. firm in purpose or intent

organized
adjective. affiliated in an organization, especially a union

commanding
adjective. being in command

compelling
adjective. tending to compel, as to force or push toward a course of action

decisive
adjective. having the power or quality of deciding

assertive
adjective. confidently aggressive or self-assured

responsible
adjective. answerable or accountable, as for something within one's power, control, or management (often followed by to or for)

authoritative
adjective. having due authority


Words To Describe Your Innovations On A Resume

ultramodern
adjective. very advanced in ideas, design, or techniques.

futuristic
adjective. of or relating to the future

unique
adjective. existing as the only one or as the sole example

revolutionary
adjective. of, pertaining to, characterized by, or of the nature of a revolution, or a sudden, complete, or marked change

progressive
adjective. favoring or advocating progress, change, improvement, or reform, as opposed to wishing to maintain things as they are, especially in political matters

groundbreaking
noun. the act or ceremony of breaking ground for a new construction project.

advanced
adjective. placed ahead or forward

innovative
adjective. tending to innovate, or introduce something new or different

resourceful
adjective. able to deal skillfully and promptly with new situations, difficulties, etc.

inventive
adjective. apt at inventing or thinking up new machines or devices, methods, solutions, etc., or at improvising from what is at hand

creative
adjective. having the quality or power of creating.


Words To Describe Your Skillset On A Resume

mindful
adjective. attentive, aware, or careful (usually followed by of)

knowledgeable
adjective. possessing or exhibiting knowledge, insight, or understanding

aware
adjective. having knowledge

cognizant
adjective. having cognizance

attentive
adjective. characterized by or giving attention

observant
adjective. quick to notice or perceive

rational
adjective. agreeable to reason

thorough
adjective. executed without negligence or omissions

judicious
adjective. using or showing judgment as to action or practical expediency

logical
adjective. according to or agreeing with the principles of logic

reasonable
adjective. agreeable to reason or sound judgment

practical
adjective. of or relating to practice or action

dedicated
adjective. wholly committed to something, as to an ideal, political cause, or personal goal

determined
adjective. resolute

And adjectives are the special, effective, powerful words that you need!

©2025 AAKKHRA All Rights Reserved.

What Do You Like To Be Called? Words For Types Of Nicknames

A nickname by any other name would smell just as sweet. Okay, so maybe that’s not how the saying goes, but we happen to think it’s true anyway. Nicknames are names that are substituted for the proper name of a person or place, like calling LeBron James “King James.”

Nicknames are created for many different reasons. Sometimes they evolve naturally out of close association with someone. Other times, they may take hold based on qualities or features someone is well known for. There are a lot of different types of nicknames, as well as words we can use to describe them. From pet name to internet handle, here are 11 other words to use to talk about nicknames and the unique history of each one.

pet name

A pet name is a nickname that might exist within a family or close relationship. It means “a name or a term of address used to express affection for a person, thing, etc.” The term has been around for more than 100 years, first appearing in English between 1910 and 1915. Because pet names are typically affectionate, they’re nicknames you might hear a parent using for a child or siblings using to identify one another. A pet name probably isn’t something you’d hear in less familiar settings.

AKA

AKA (or A.K.A.) stands for “also known as.” If you have a nickname, you are “also known as” that name. This abbreviation, which entered English in the late 1940s, is used by law enforcement to specify an alias. But it’s also commonly used to indicate that a person goes by another name in many different settings. And it can be used facetiously to share extra information about someone. For example, My sister, AKA the most organized person in the entire world, somehow forgot my birthday.

handle

In the digital age, most of us have some kind of handle. That’s “a username, as on a social media website.” And yes, that counts as a type of nickname. It’s another name you’re known by, after all, even if it’s only among online friends. The word has existed in English since before the year 900, though it didn’t come to be associated with names until the 1830s, when it was used more generally to mean “nickname.” The term eventually came to include radio nicknames, and later, usernames on the internet.

sobriquet

Say nickname, but make it fancy. Essentially, that’s what sobriquet does. This word, borrowed from French, literally means “nickname.” In many cases, sobriquet indicates playfulness or a nickname that is used in jest. This might mean a childhood pet name or a funny name used between friends. The word sobriquet entered English in the 1600s.

moniker

Any name you go by can be considered a moniker. This term simply means “a person’s name, especially a nickname or alias.” The origins of this word aren’t exactly clear. One possibility is that it’s associated with monk, as nuns and monks frequently change their names upon taking their vows. It may also be a permutation, or transformation, of the Old Irish ainm, meaning “name.”

pen name

Sometimes nicknames are used for professional reasons, as is demonstrated by the phrase pen name. A pen name is “a pseudonym used by an author.” This might be a variation of their real name or a different name entirely. Mark Twain, for example, is a pen name used by Samuel Langhorne Clemens. Meanwhile George R. R. Martin is the author’s real name, but R. R. is used in place of Richard Raymond. Pen name is a translation of the French nom de plume, and it has been in use in English since the 1800s.

byname

What’s your byname? A byname is “a secondary name,” whether that’s a surname, a nickname, or something else. This term may be used to describe any type of nickname, rather than only nicknames that are familiar or used for a specific purpose. Think of it as another way of saying “a name you go by.” Though it’s not commonly used now, the word byname has existed in English since the 1300s.

cognomen

We bet you didn’t know you have a cognomen. While this word might look like the name of some kind of scary medical condition, it actually means “any name, especially a nickname.” Nomen means “name” in Latin, and co or cog means “with.” This 19th century word, then, literally means “with name,” and it can be broadly used to talk about any type of nickname.

appellation

A more official nickname might also be called an appellation. This word, which entered English in the early 1400s, means “a name, title, or designation.” Often, an appellation indicates a more official or well-known designation than just a familiar nickname. Think: Alexander The Great or the early American leaders known as The Founding Fathers. An appellation may also include an official title, such as doctor, bishop, or duke.

term of endearment

Nicknames are for lovers, at least in this case. A term of endearment is a nickname that shows esteem, affection, or love. This may be more personal, like a pet name, or it might include commonly used affectionate names, like honey, baby, or sweetie. Terms of endearment are typically reserved for intimate relationships, though some could also apply to family or close friends.

nom de guerre

Authors aren’t the only people who sometimes change their names. A nom de guerre is another way of saying pseudonym. It’s “an assumed name, under which a person fights, paints, writes, etc.” In French, nom de guerre meant “a war name,” or a name taken by a soldier upon entering the armed services. In English, it’s more generally understood to mean any kind of assumed name, whether it’s Stefani Germanotta being known as the musician “Lady Gaga” or Erik Weisz assuming the magician name of “Harry Houdini.”

Copyright 2025, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

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10 Conversational Tips That Take The Stress Out Of Small Talk

We’ve all been there: you’re at a party and trying to find an “in” to start an engaging conversation with someone you just met. Or, maybe it’s a professional conference, and you want to make an impression on a new contact you’d love to have in your network. You want to say the right thing, but your mind feels blank, like you’ve completely forgotten how to communicate with other human beings.

Making small talk is a skill, and it’s not easy, but the good news is that there’s always time to learn. Think about the conversations you have with the people you like and know well. When talking with these people, you likely practice good conversational skills without even realizing it, like:

Listening attentively.
Being present.
Trying not to repeat yourself.
Showing interest.
Going with the flow.

The trick to making great small talk is to find ways to call upon those same friendly conversational skills, even when you’re speaking with someone you don’t know well, in a brand-new environment, or in an awkward or high-pressure situation. How do you do that? We’ve got your back. Here are 10 tips to improve your small talk game and make it look easy.

1. Start with an introduction. Sometimes the best way to break the ice is simply to introduce yourself.

“Hi, I’m Pete, the groom’s brother. How do you know the couple?”
“I’m Allison Smith, the head of sales at Office Corp. What company are you representing?”
“My name’s Lupita. I’m in the theater program here at NYU. What’s your major?”
It seems easy, but you’d be surprised how quickly people can forget a simple introduction when they’re fumbling for the best thing to say. If you start with your name and some information related to the event or something you might have in common, you create opportunities to learn something about them, which can help you launch effortlessly into a longer conversation.

2. Have some topics in the bank.

It’s easy for your mind to go blank when you’re asked a question about yourself or trying to pull topics out of thin air, so make sure you always show up prepared. Think of three to five interesting things you’ve done recently that might make good conversation starters, such as:

A new restaurant you’ve tried.
A book you loved.
A movie you’re really excited about.
The last trip you took.
What you did over the weekend.
Your most recent professional development opportunity.
Your favorite hobby.
The unique origins of pasta names. (Well, we like dictionary talk …)
While you’re at it, brush up on current events that might be interesting to discuss. If you’re attending a work event, make sure you’re up-to-date on the latest industry news and goings-on at your company.

3. Use open-ended questions.

Asking a “yes or no” question is one of the fastest ways to kill a conversation because it doesn’t give you anything to build on. Instead, try to ask open-ended questions. These are questions that can’t be answered with a single word, and that means the other person has to expand on what they’re saying, giving you plenty of opportunities to latch onto something they say and keep the words flowing.

4. Agree, then add something.

If you’re at an event and someone makes an observation about your surroundings, the host, or even something totally unrelated, go with it. Their statement can be a good opportunity to add your own observations, establish a connection, and move forward into a conversation. First, affirm what they’ve said, then add your own take, and follow it up with an open-ended question that leaves room to move to a new topic. Here’s how it might look in action:

Them: “This signature cocktail is pretty good, huh?”
You: “It is. It really complements the appetizers. Have you tried them yet?”

If you don’t happen to agree with what they’ve said, that’s okay! You can still politely acknowledge it and forge ahead.

Them: “This signature cocktail is pretty good, huh?”
You: “It’s very unique. My attention has been on the appetizers. Have you tried them yet?”

5. Be complimentary.

If you want to seem friendly and approachable, find nice things to say about others. (We happen to have some helpful synonyms for the word nice and tips for delivering sincere compliments.) People are more likely to be drawn to you if you’re open about pointing out how funny something they said was, how much you admire their sense of style, or how interested you are in their work. Compliments can also be a way to begin a conversation. Try something like this:

“I just had to tell you, I love that tie! It’s so bold. I’m Eric, by the way. What’s your name?”
“Dr. Stein, I’m Lexi Jones. I’m so thrilled to meet you. Your book was fascinating. Are you studying anything new?”
“I’m Shawn. My sister said you’re an amazing artist. I’m so glad we ended up at the same table. Tell me about your work.”

6. Let them teach you something.

No one is an expert on every topic. If they mention something you don’t know much about, don’t let the conversation die there. Use it as an opportunity for conversation. People love to talk about themselves and things they’re passionate about, so express your curiosity and allow them to share more knowledge with you. Here are some ideas for how to do this:

“I’ve never been fly-fishing before. What is it like?”
“I’m not familiar with that program yet. Is it difficult to learn?”
“I’ve been meaning to check out that band. Which album should I start with?”

7. Use the ARE method.

If you’re the kind of person who wishes there was an easy equation for small talk, we have good news. Some psychologists recommend the ARE method. ARE stands for anchor, reveal, and encourage.

First, anchor yourself and the other person in the moment by making an observation about your shared location or experience. Next, reveal something about yourself in relation to the anchor, like how it makes you feel, something you’ve noticed, or something you’re interested in or excited about. Lastly, encourage participation from the other person by asking a related question. It will look like this:

Anchor: “There are so many new faces at the conference this year.”
Reveal: “I’m really inspired by all of the talent here.”
Encourage: “Have you met anyone interesting so far?”

8. Be real with it.

If you’re feeling rusty at small talk, guess what? You are not alone. Most people struggle with talking to and getting to know new people, and it’s okay to admit that it’s hard. If you express that you’re not very good at small talk or feeling nervous in the situation, many people will find this relatable and it can start the conversation—which is the goal! It can be as simple as saying something like:

“I’m terrible at small talk, but I’m really interested in speaking with you.”
“I apologize in advance for any awkwardness. Small talk isn’t my strong suit, but I’m really curious about your work.”
“Nothing like trying to make small talk with a table full of strangers, huh? How’s your night going?”

9. Have an exit strategy.

Sometimes you just need to get away. That’s okay. Making a smooth exit is also a part of being skilled at small talk. You could excuse yourself to the restroom or the buffet, but the easiest way to get out of a conversation is to be polite and direct. Let them know you enjoyed speaking with them and that you’re going to direct your attention to something else now.

“It was lovely meeting you. I’m going to refresh my drink and check in with the host.”
“Excuse me, but I just saw someone I need to speak with. It was nice chatting with you.”
“I’m so glad we met. I hope to run into you again later on.”

10. Practice often.

For many of us, hating small talk also means avoiding it at all costs. The only problem is, this makes small talk harder when it can’t be avoided. Instead of fleeing from every situation that might require you to banter with strangers, try to see those as opportunities for more practice.

Most small talk conversations have fairly low stakes. Practice introducing yourself, asking a few questions about the other person, and politely excusing yourself after a few moments. Before you know it, you’ll be a pro, and awkward silences will be a thing of the past.

Copyright 2024, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

What Are The 4 Types Of Brackets?

When considering punctuation marks, there are four pairs of marks that may be referred to as a type of bracket. They are parentheses, square brackets, curly brackets, and angle brackets. Of these four, parentheses are by far the most commonly used and are the punctuation marks that most writers are likely most familiar with. Although you may not get many chances yourself to bust out a pair of curly brackets or angle brackets, it doesn’t hurt to learn what they are typically used for so they don’t catch you by surprise.

Types of brackets

Parentheses ()

Let’s look at each of the four different types of brackets, moving from the pair you are most likely to see to the pair you will almost never see (in writing, at least).

Despite being the most commonly used of the four types of brackets, parentheses are still less common than other punctuation marks in formal writing. Most writers will tend to use them sparingly but effectively.

Parentheses have a lot of different uses. One particularly common use is to insert additional but unessential information, such as a writer’s commentary, into a sentence.

Last year, the first pitch was thrown by Santa Claus (yes, really).
Bananas are good for you (and tasty, too).
Some other information that might be contained within parentheses includes sources, references, abbreviations, acronyms, telephone area codes, and lifespans.

Parentheses examples

The owners loved dressing their dogs up in funny outfits. (The dogs were much less enthusiastic about it.)
The cat population doubled over the past 10 years. (Purrcy and Kitchins, 2005)
The shuttle was built by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
Edward I of England (1239–1307) was called “Edward Longshanks.”


Square brackets []

Square brackets, often just called brackets in American English, are typically only used with quotations in formal writing. Square brackets are used to indicate to a reader that the writer added their own words to a quote, added additional context, or otherwise made a change to a quote that wasn’t originally there. The term sic is also often used in a pair of square brackets to indicate that a quote originally had a grammatical error in it, and the writer didn’t make a mistake when reprinting it.

Square bracket examples

The following examples show the different ways that square brackets are typically used with quotations.

The president said, “He [the Polish ambassador] is a tough negotiator, but I’m confident we will reach an agreement that is best for both countries.”
The legendary pop singer said that “[she] would come back [to Miami] every summer if [she] could.”
My textbook says, “The explorers traveled down the Mississipi [sic] River.”


Curly brackets {}

Curly brackets, also known as braces or curly braces, are rarely used in formal writing and are more common in other fields such as science, math, and computing. Some style guides will allow them to be used for one specific purpose: grouping together a set.

The pastries {cakes, pies, croissants, danishes} looked delicious.
Informally, curly brackets may also be used to attempt to avoid confusion if a writer is using multiple sets of brackets in the same sentence.

Clifford (a {very, very} big dog) stomped his way down the street.
Both of these uses, though, are rare and many style guides and grammar resources may not have any formal use for curly brackets in writing. It is entirely possible that you may never read anything that uses curly brackets.

Curly bracket examples

The following examples show how curly brackets might be used. Keep in mind that these sentences may not be considered appropriate in formal writing.

The circus animals {lions, tigers, elephants, monkeys} were very well trained.
Madame Mysteria (who I {sadly} never met) was a legendary fortune teller.


Angle brackets <>

Angle brackets have no formal use in writing, at least in English. In other languages, double sets of angle brackets are sometimes used in place of quotation marks. Like curly brackets, you are much more likely to see angle brackets used in other fields, such as math and computing.

Informally, angle brackets might be used in place of parentheses to insert asides or you might see them used to introduce a website in an older piece of writing.

Angle bracket examples

The following examples show how angle brackets might be used in writing. These examples would typically not be considered appropriate in formal writing.

The car was both very fast and very pink. << Much too pink if you ask me >>
If you’re curious, you can find the rest of Chef Baker’s recipes at <www.bakeittillyoumakeit.yum>

Copyright 2024, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXUUKNHyOs8
บทสนทนาเที่ยวสวนสัตว์เขาเขียวดูหมูเด้ง
(คลิกอ่านเพิ่มเติม เพื่ออ่านบทสนทนาภาษาอังกฤษและไทย และคำศัพท์น่ารู้)
แบบทดสอบการฟังภาษาอังกฤษ จากบทสนทนาเที่ยวสวนสัตว์เขาเขียวดูหมูเด้ง
มีคำถาม 5 ข้อหลังฟังเสร็จ เพื่อทดสอบการฟังภาษาอังกฤษของคุณ

#บทสนทนาภาษาอังกฤษ #ฝึกฟังภาษาอังกฤษ #หมูเด้ง

The conversations from the clip :

Tourist 1: Look! That’s Jonah the hippo!
Tourist 2: Wow, she’s adorable. And she’s the mother of Moo Deng, who’s so famous!
Tourist 1: Yeah, but Moo Deng is just sleeping. I was hoping to see her moving around.
Tourist 2: Me too. It’s too bad we missed her, but she must be taking a superstar nap.
Tourist 1: I know! Well, let’s come back later. Should we check out the penguins next?
Tourist 2: Great idea! And I heard they’re having a penguin feeding session soon. Penguins are always fun to watch.
Tourist 1: A penguin feeding session? That sounds adorable! They’re so cute when they waddle around.
Tourist 2: And I love watching them line up and get excited for food. Penguins are the best!
Tourist 1: Definitely. I heard they might even be fed during the parade.
Tourist 2: That sounds amazing! Let’s head over there so we don’t miss it.
Tourist 1: I hope we can get a good view. Watching them all line up must be so funny.
Tourist 2: Yes! And after that, let’s check if Moo Deng is awake before we leave.
Tourist 1: Good idea. I’d love to see her and Jonah together, maybe even playing!
Tourist 2: Oh, and before we head out, let’s stop by the elephant pool.
Tourist 1: Yes! Seeing elephants swim would be the perfect way to end the day.
Tourist 2: Agreed! Let’s go see those elephants before we call it a day.

นักท่องเที่ยว 1: ดูสิ! นั่นคือโจน่าฮิปโป!
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: ว้าว เธอน่ารักจัง และเธอเป็นแม่ของหมูเด้งที่โด่งดัง!
นักท่องเที่ยว 1: ใช่ แต่หมูเด้งกำลังนอนอยู่ ฉันหวังว่าจะได้เห็นเธอขยับตัว
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: ฉันก็เช่นกัน เสียดายที่เราไม่ได้เห็นเธอ แต่เธอคงกำลังงีบแบบซุปเปอร์สตาร์
นักท่องเที่ยว 1: ฉันก็รู้! เอาล่ะ กลับมาใหม่ทีหลังดีไหม? เราควรไปดูเพนกวินต่อดีไหม?
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: ไอเดียดีเลย! และฉันได้ยินมาว่าจะมีการให้อาหารเพนกวินเร็วๆ นี้ เพนกวินน่าดูเสมอ
นักท่องเที่ยว 1: การให้อาหารเพนกวิน? ฟังดูน่ารักมาก! พวกมันน่ารักมากเวลามันเดินโซซัดโซเซ
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: และฉันชอบดูพวกมันเรียงแถวและตื่นเต้นเมื่อถึงเวลาอาหาร เพนกวินที่สุด!
นักท่องเที่ยว 1: แน่นอน ฉันได้ยินมาว่าอาจจะมีการให้อาหารพวกมันระหว่างการพาเหรดด้วย
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: ฟังดูน่าทึ่งมาก! ไปดูกันเถอะเพื่อจะไม่พลาด
นักท่องเที่ยว 1: หวังว่าเราจะได้ที่นั่งที่ดีนะ ดูพวกมันเรียงแถวคงขำไม่น้อย
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: ใช่เลย! และหลังจากนั้นเราค่อยมาดูหมูเด้งว่าตื่นหรือยังก่อนที่จะกลับ
นักท่องเที่ยว 1: ไอเดียดี ฉันอยากเห็นเธอกับโจน่าด้วย บางทีอาจจะได้เห็นเล่นกัน!
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: โอ้ และก่อนกลับเราควรแวะดูที่สระช้างกัน
นักท่องเที่ยว 1: ใช่! การได้เห็นช้างว่ายน้ำคงเป็นวิธีที่ดีที่สุดในการจบทริปนี้
นักท่องเที่ยว 2: เห็นด้วย! ไปดูช้างกันก่อนที่จะกลับกัน

Vocabulary (คำศัพท์น่ารู้)

Hippo (ฮิป-โพ) n. - ฮิปโปโปเตมัส
Adorable (อะ-ดอร์-อะ-เบิล) adj. - น่ารัก
Mother (มัธ-เธอร์) n. - แม่
Famous (เฟ-มัส) adj. - มีชื่อเสียง
Sleeping (สลี-ปิ้ง) v. - กำลังนอน
Superstar (ซู-เพอร์-สตาร์) n. - ดาราดัง
Nap (แน็พ) n. - การงีบหลับ
Penguin (เพ็ง-กวิน) n. - เพนกวิน
Feeding (ฟี-ดิง) v. - การให้อาหาร
Waddle (ว็อด-เดิล) v. - เดินโคลงเคลง
Line up (ไลน์ อัพ) v. - ต่อแถว
Excited (เอ็ก-ไซ-ทิด) adj. - ตื่นเต้น
View (วิว) n. - ทิวทัศน์, มุมมอง
Elephant (เอล-ละ-เฟนท์) n. - ช้าง
Perfect (เพอร์-เฟ็คท) adj. - สมบูรณ์แบบ

Pun, Pangrams, Palindromes, And More: Discover Types Of Word Play

Words are powerful, and a masterful use of words can change the world. At the same time, words have a fun side to them too. While the English language often seems to exist purely to confuse us, English also has a silly side that can make us laugh and smile. Are you skeptical? Well, we have dug deep into the English toy box to find a bunch of different ways we can play with words. Fair warning: those that have a low tolerance for dad jokes will want to leave immediately.

Puns

By definition, a pun is a humorous use of a word with multiple meanings or a funny use of a word as a substitute for a similar sounding word. The related terms punning, play on words, and paronomasia are often used to refer to the act of making puns. The term double entendre refers to a type of wordplay that also uses words with multiple meanings, albeit usually in a more risqué manner than a whimsical pun.

Examples of puns

Puns that involve words with multiple meanings:

The young monkeys went to the jungle gym for some exercise.
The investor in the bakery demanded a larger piece of the pie.
The art competition ended in a draw.
The maestro turned away from the orchestra as they told him the bad news; he couldn’t face the music.

Puns that involve similar sounding words:

- She claimed the big cat was a tiger, but we knew she was lion.
- When he asked me what the flowers should smell like, I told him to use common scents.
- As it turned out, the runners themselves had rigged the race. It was an inside jog.
- The negotiations over the birds went poorly; neither side would give a finch.

Tom Swifty

A Tom Swifty is a fun use of words that follows a quote, usually said by a fictional Tom, using a punny adverb. The term Tom Swifty was coined by writer Willard Espy and named after the Tom Swift series of books, which tended to use a lot of adverbs to describe dialogue.

Examples of Tom Swifties

“I have frostbite,” Tom said coldly.
“I’m stocked on all the essentials,” Jess said needlessly.
“We feel really bad about what we did,” the children said shamefully.

Stinky Pinky

Stinky pinky, also known as stinky pinkie and by many other names, is a word game in which players try to guess a rhyming phrase based on a definition. The phrase “stinky pinky” itself is a possible answer when playing the game. It is unknown who invented the game or named it, but word games with the name “stinky pinky” can be traced back to at least the 1940s.

Stinky Pinky examples

Clue: “Stone timepiece” Answer: Rock clock.
Clue: “Road pork” Answer: Street meat.
Clue: “A young cat’s gloves” Answer: Kitten’s mittens.

Spoonerisms

A spoonerism is a, usually accidental, swapping of initial sounds of two words. The term spoonerism is named for Oxford lecturer William Archibald Spooner, a notoriously nervous speaker who often swapped the beginnings of words when he spoke publicly.

Spoonerism examples

- It is tinner dime. (“dinner time”)
- He used to work on a bail soat. (“sail boat”)
- Happy dogs love to tag their wails. (“wag their tails”)

Kennings

A kenning is a metaphorical or poetic phrase that is conventionally used in place of another term.

Kenning examples

gumshoe = a detective
pencil pusher = an office worker
tree-hugger = an environmentalist

Pig Latin

Pig Latin is a form of language, usually used by children, in which the first consonant or consonant sound is placed at the end of a word followed by the sound ā (written as “ay”).

Example: Ancay ouyay eakspay igpay atinlay? (“Can you speak pig Latin?”)

Palindromes

A palindrome is a word, phrase, or sentence that reads the same if read forward or backward.

Palindrome examples

Single words:

madam
eve
noon

Multiple words:

dog god
ward draw
live evil

Sentences:

A man, a plan, a canal. Panama!
Madam, I’m Adam!
Was it a cat I saw?

Anagrams

An anagram is a word, phrase, or sentence formed by rearranging the letters of another.

Anagram examples

porter is an anagram of report
attics is an anagram of static
pub toss is an anagram of bus stop

Antigrams

An antigram is an anagram that means the opposite of the original word or phrase it was formed from.

Examples

on the sly is an antigram of honestly
arise late is an antigram of earliest
over fifty is an antigram of forty-five

Pangrams

A pangram is a phrase or sentence that includes every letter of the alphabet. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog is a famous example of a pangram. Some other fun examples of things that rely on alphabet-based challenges include lipograms, heterograms, tautograms, autograms, and kangaroo words.

Ambigrams

An ambigram is a word or visual design that reads the same or creates a new word or image when flipped upside down or reversed. For example, the word dollop is an example of an ambigram because it would still theoretically read as “dollop” even when turned upside down.

Acrostics

An acrostic is a set of lines or verses where certain letters spell out a hidden message.

Example:

Curious
Agile
Territorial
Smart

Backronyms

A backronym is an existing word turned into an acronym by creating an appropriate phrase that it could serve as an acronym for.

Examples

Ghost is a backronym of “ghoul haunting our spooky town.”
Car is a backronym of “carrying all riders.”
Alligator is a backronym of “a large lizard is grinning at the other reptiles.”

Rhyming, alliteration, assonance, and consonance

These four words all have to do with using words that have similar sounds. Most people are familiar with rhyming, which typically refers to using words with similar-sounding endings as in The big pig ate a fig. The word alliteration means to use words with similar-sounding beginnings or words that start with the same letter. Assonance means to use similar-sounding vowels anywhere in words when rhyming, whereas consonance means to use similar-sounding consonant sounds anywhere in words when making a rhyme.

Alliteration examples

She sells seashells by the sea shore.
Big bunnies bounded behind busy birds.
Ten tenants took twenty tents to Thailand.

Assonance examples

We see these bees.
Leave the cleaver for the skeevy beaver.
Doodle the Cool Poodle wants oodles of noodle strudel.

Consonance examples

Look! The crook took cook books!
Ross, toss the sauce to our boss Joss.
We heard the third nerdy bird’s words.

Copyright 2024, XAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

What To Write In A Holiday Card

Just as we look forward to presents and parties this time of year, we can’t get enough of holiday cards! We love them all: from colorful cards sent by snail mail to animated emails to newsletters summing up what everyone in the family has been up to all year. Fun fact: the very first holiday card in 1843 depicted children toasting with wine—oops!

But when it comes to sending your own holiday cards this season, it can be confusing to know how to get them just right. The fear of accidentally offending someone or leaving someone off your list can be daunting.

That’s why we’ve put together these dos and don’ts to kickstart (or improve) your holiday writing tradition.

Do start early

You’ll want to leave yourself time to get (or make, if you’re ambitious) cards, write a message, and sign them. If your holiday card includes a picture of your adorable family in matching elf costumes, you’ll need even more time to get the costumes, take the photo, and have it printed. Keep that in mind!

If you’re planning on sending your holiday cards via the post, it’s recommended you mail them before December 17. So think about the time you have, and what you can reasonably accomplish, which leads us to …

Don’t be overly ambitious

Maybe you’re one of these people who, like Martha Stewart, can handcraft a card for each person on your 40-person list and still get them out on time. But most of us mere mortals are not Martha Stewart (sadly).

People are happy to get a holiday card because it shows you care about them and are thinking about them. Whether it’s store-bought or handmade, it’s the thought that counts.

Now that we’ve set reasonable expectations, let’s get into the details of writing those holiday cards.

Do write the recipient’s name

Even if it’s a store-bought card with a pre-printed message, you want to be sure to write the recipient’s name(s) at the top of the card. You can be formal or informal, depending on the context.

For a less formal card, you can use the formula of “Dear” plus first names: e.g., Dear Jack & Jill.

If you’re writing a more formal card, then you’ll want to use honorifics and last names: e.g., Dear Mr. & Dr. Falldownhill or Dear Ms. Dalloway.

Don’t guess the spelling

When you’re writing the recipient’s name, make sure you get it right. If it’s a name you’re unfamiliar with or one that has multiple spellings, double-check your address book or other references (social media works) to ensure that you haven’t left out a letter or put in one too many. It’s not a good look.

Do include a personal message

Even if your holiday card comes from a box or is an online widget, you should include a personal message to the recipient. This can be short and sweet, as simple as:

- Wishing you and your family a happy holiday season!
- The holidays come but once a year: enjoy!
- Thinking of you over the holidays.
- Hoping you have a joyous and peaceful holiday.
- Have a wonderful New Year!
- Let the spirit of the season inspire you.
- Warm wishes for the holiday and New Year.
- Hope this season is filled with joy and cheer!
- Sending you good luck into the New Year!

Stock phrases are a good starting point, but you can also include some personal details. For instance, you might consider adding:

- the important things that happened to you or your family this year, like marriages or births;
- a wish for the recipient’s health, especially if you know they’ve been under the weather this year;
- or a note about your desire to see them if they live far away.

All that said, unless you’re writing a holiday letter, your holiday card note shouldn’t be too long. Aim for no more than 150 words.

If you’re writing a holiday letter, keep it to a single page long (about 400 words). Nobody needs to know about every detail of your year, trust us.

Don’t assume everyone celebrates the same holidays

If you’re sending cards to people you know well, you probably know what holidays they celebrate, so feel free to write “Merry Christmas” and “Happy Hanukkah.” [Is it Tis the Season or ’Tis the Season? Find out!]

But if you’re sending cards to coworkers, family, or friends you know less well, don’t assume they celebrate the same holidays you do. That can cause unnecessary offense.

If you’re unsure, stick to the more generic happy holidays or season’s greetings. Make it easy on yourself. Or, as the Emily Post Institute suggests, you can also opt to send a more secular greeting for the new year.

Do be funny (if you want)

You can absolutely send formal holiday cards. In which case, we don’t recommend you include jokes.

But if you’re sending cards to friends and family, a little bit of levity can be nice. That said, avoid any jokes that could be offensive. For example, many people include humorous pictures of their family on their holiday cards. It’s a little cheesy, but also kind of wonderful.

Don’t be depressing

Unless you’re Eeyore, you should try to keep a positive, happy tone in your holiday card message.

Don’t write “This year has sucked” or “Everything is garbage.” If you feel that way, we get it—the holidays can be tough. But holiday cards are a place where the maxim If you don’t have anything nice to say, don’t say anything at all rules.

If you’re too bummed out to think of any good news to share, just write a generic message like the ones we suggested above.

Do have everyone in the family sign the card

After you’ve written your short, thoughtful note in your card, be sure to sign it. If it’s just you, that’s simple enough.

If you’re sending the card on behalf of your entire immediate family and are going the paper route, pass the card around the family to have them sign. If you’re sending an online card, just include everyone’s name in the signature line.

Don’t boast

Holiday cards and letters are an opportunity to reach out to the people you love and care about. It’s not an opportunity for you to boast about how wonderful you and your family are (although we are sure they are wonderful).

This isn’t a resumé, it’s a highlight reel. Instead of listing every good deed every family member has done all year, pick one or two of the most important things to mention in your message. Moves, weddings, graduations, and births are worth mentioning. Volunteer work at the local soup kitchen, while admirable, is not.

We wish you the best of luck with your holiday cards this season. Sometimes the cards are as hectic as the holidays … so grab a cup of eggnog and get writing!

Copyright 2024, XAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

Special Words To Describe Someone You Love

There are so many reasons why we love and value the people in our lives, but sometimes it can be hard to find the right words to describe just what it is that makes those people so special. If you’re working on the ultimate love letter, preparing a special birthday toast, or even just talking someone up to a friend, you don’t want to fall back on broad terms like funny, kind, or cute. That’s the time to say what you really mean.

Talking about the people you love might mean talking about a significant other, but it can also mean describing a friend, parent, sibling, or other special person, too. No matter who you’re trying to describe or shower with praise, here are some handy alternatives to the most overused words to use when talking about someone you love.


Other ways to say: talented

Celebrating someone’s talent is usually a welcome compliment, but talent describes a pretty broad pool of qualities, abilities, and skills. What does that special person really excel at that makes them so, well, special? Here are a few other options to try.

accomplished
Accomplished is the word to use when someone is “highly skilled” or even “expert” at something. It demonstrates appreciation not only for their skills, but also for the time, energy, and hard work they put into acquiring those skills.

artistic
You can call someone artistic as a way of complimenting their skill and execution in art or their excellent taste and style. Someone who’s artistic likely has a unique, creative approach to many things, and this word calls that out.

capable
Have you ever been around someone who just seems to be good at everything? Those people are highly capable, which means “having power and ability; efficient; competent.”

inspirational
Sometimes a person’s gift is inspiring others around them to shine as well. Calling someone inspirational says they don’t just do great things, but they also motivate the people around them just by being who they are.

brilliant
Brilliant is the right word for someone you see as “shining brightly; sparkling; glittery; lustrous.” It might describe their distinguished abilities in one particular area or their bold and awe-inspiring approach to everything.


Other ways to say: kind

Kindness is an important quality, and a great way to acknowledge someone’s kindness is by pointing out all of the specific and meaningful ways they express it. Here are some words to do that.

affectionate
Affectionate means “showing, indicating, or characterized by affection or love; fondly tender.” Some people are more affectionate than others, so if someone’s outward displays of affection mean a lot to you, use this word to let them know it.

considerate
Considerate is the word to use for someone who is always looking out for other people’s feelings, performing small acts of kindness, or putting thoughtfulness on display on a regular basis.

big-hearted
Someone who is big-hearted is generous and kind. You might love a big-hearted person if you see that your special someone is always thinking about what they can do to show care and concern for others.

friendly
Sometimes being kind means treating everyone like a friend. Friendly people are “favorably disposed; inclined to approve, help, support.” It’s a way of explaining that your loved one isn’t just kind, but they also never hesitate to lend a hand or a shoulder to lean on.

gentle
Gentle is another way of saying “kindly” or “amiable.” Someone who could be described as gentle isn’t just nice, but is also likely a calm, compassionate, and steady figure in your life.


Other ways to say: attractive

Looks aren’t everything, but there’s nothing wrong with finding a few fresh ways to let people know they’re looking great. Rather than pulling out a bland word like attractive, here are some other options that get to the heart of what really draws you to someone.

alluring
Alluring doesn’t just mean someone is nice looking. It also means they have a charisma or charm that draws you towards them. Someone who is alluring is “very attractive or tempting; enticing; seductive.”

elegant
Whether it’s a special occasion or you admire someone’s style and grace every day, elegant is a word to use when describing someone who is “tastefully fine or luxurious in dress, style, design, etc.”

bewitching
Does someone in your life just have that special “it” factor that makes people want to be around them? They could be described as bewitching. This magical sounding word means “enchanting, charming, fascinating.”

charming
When someone is delightful or pleasing to be around, it’s usually because they’re charming. Someone might have charming good looks, but charming also extends to their sparkling personality and the way they make people feel in their presence.

lovely
Isn’t he or she lovely? This adjective means “charmingly or exquisitely beautiful.” It’s the perfect word to describe someone who is lovely in looks but also wonderful to spend time with.


Other ways to say: funny

A sense of humor is a great quality, but there are so many ways to be funny. Is the person more of a George Carlin, an Ali Wong, or a Jim Gaffigan? Here are some words to talk about the funny people in your life.

playful
If someone’s specialty is keeping things light and always finding humor in people and situations, you might describe them as playful. It literally means “full of play or fun.”

whimsical
A childlike or even off-the-wall sense of humor might be called whimsical. This word means “given to whimsy or fanciful notions; capricious.” Think: Robin Williams.

clever
Some people always know the right thing to say. You might describe them as being clever. These quick thinkers always find a way to get laughs by being both charming and bright.

hilarious
Hilarious means “arousing great merriment; extremely funny,” and it’s reserved for the people who are truly laugh-out-loud funny. These folks might be the life of the party or they might reserve their best jokes just for you. Either way, the fun never stops.

witty
Someone who is witty sees the world a little differently, and their sharp observations and clever comebacks can be very entertaining. They also might be funny in several mediums. Witty means “possessing wit in speech or writing; amusingly clever in perception and expression.”


Other ways to say: smart

If you value intelligence, then you’ll probably also value having more than one way to talk about it. Pull out one of these bonus words when describing the brainiacs in your life.

astute
If someone wows you with their keen perceptions and spot-on observations, you could say they’re astute. This word describes people who are shrewd, intelligent, and always the first to connect the dots.

crafty
While crafty can mean that someone is great with a sewing machine, it also means “cunning; deceitful; sly.” This doesn’t mean a crafty loved one is up to no good. It just means you want them on your team on game night.

wise
Wise describes the person you go to for advice, support, and to talk about the deep stuff. Wise means “having the power of discerning and judging properly as to what is true or right.” These people are like the lighthouses in the storms of life.

shrewd
If that special person in your life always knows how to get the best deals or how to convince people to be on their side, they might be shrewd. Shrewd means “cunning or tricky; artful,” and it’s a word for people who know how to use their deep intelligence to their advantage.

bright
No, we don’t mean the person you love is shining like a light bulb. Bright means “quick-witted or intelligent.” It’s a word that describes people who have many skills, catch on quickly, and are always capable of learning something new.

Copyright 2024, XAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

Do You Know What These Gen Z Slang Terms Mean—And Where They Really Come From?

Language is constantly evolving, but there’s one type of language that so often changes even faster than the rest: slang. Every generation has its own unique slang words, and these terms seem to spring up faster than many people can keep up with. The popularity of TikTok and other social media trends has only made it easier for new slang to take hold, and if you aren’t keeping up with the latest trends, you might be left scratching your head.

These terms may be new to you, but it’s essential to remember that so many of the slang terms that seem suddenly brand new in the dominant, mainstream culture actually have origins and long histories of use in Black culture, the LGBTQ+ community, the drag community, and other marginalized groups and subcultures. From there, the creativity, appeal and just plain usefulness of these terms frequently leads to them being adopted by youth culture at large (including by white people and those who are not part of the communities where the terms originated), from where they may spread into the general population. This adoption, in many cases, involves appropriation that ignores, obscures, or erases the terms’ origins and originators.

If you need to brush up on the latest “cool” words so you don’t seem so cheugy, here are the meanings and likely origins of 16 essential Gen Z slang words to know—at least for the moment.

1. no cap
You’ve likely seen cap and no cap used on social media, but these terms actually pre-date social media and Gen Z by several decades. In Black slang, to cap about something means “to brag, exaggerate, or lie” about it. This meaning dates all the way back to at least the early 1900s. No cap, then, has evolved as another way of saying “no lie” or “for real.” Though it’s currently popular with Gen Z, no cap was mostly influenced by hip-hop culture.

2. cheugy
Are you cool or are you cheugy? This word, used to describe “uncool” things that are either out of style or trying too hard to be in style, is believed to have been coined in 2013. According to New York Times reporter Taylor Lorenz, Californian Gaby Rasson started using cheugy then to describe people who unsuccessfully try to be trendy. The term got a great deal of exposure in a viral TikTok video in 2021. By May 2021, the hashtag #cheugy had over 10 million views on TikTok. Cheugyness or cheuginess are noun variations of the word, and a person who is cheugy is sometimes referred to as a cheug. Beware: Slang changes fast, and some may consider cheugy itself to be cheugy already.

3. drip
During previous generations, drip was slang for “an unattractive, boring, or colorless person.” Now, if someone mentions your drip, it’s actually a good thing. Drip refers to your look or style, particularly when it’s considered extremely fashionable or sexy (kind of like a newer version of swag). The origins of this usage are the subject of some debate. Many credit the early 2000s hip-hop scene in Atlanta, while others think drip may have evolved from slang used on the teen comedy Zoey 101. Either way, if someone mentions your drip, now you know that you can take it as a compliment.

4. hits different
Sometimes something is so awesome that it impacts you or inspires you on a whole new level. The proper Gen Z term for this is hits different. In this sense, hit means “to have a marked effect or influence on; affect severely.” For example: That new Adele album just hits different.

This usage is believed to have originated in the LGBTQ community with popular YouTubers Daniel Howell and Phil Lester. In 2019, it gained popularity thanks to social media apps like TikTok and Twitter. Now, hits different has achieved widespread usage in a variety of situations.

5. main character
Do you ever wish you could be the main character in your favorite movie? Main character, for Gen Z, originated from a TikTok trend in which people post either a montage of their life featuring themselves as the main character or they reenact popular scenes from favorite movies and TV shows. Main character can also refer to someone who is the subject of viral outrage on social media. For example: I checked Twitter to see who the main character is today.

6. snatched
RuPaul’s Drag Race may well have been the vehicle that brought this slang term to the mainstream. For Gen Z, snatched means “fierce” or “on point,” particularly when it comes to someone’s hair, makeup, and physical appearance. Historically, snatched is slang from the Black drag community, in which performers often wear artificial hair called weaves. In the drag community, snatched is slang for saying something is so amazing it snatched your weave off.

7. bet
Are you ready to learn the next slang word? Bet! As you may have guessed from the previous sentence, bet is a term of affirmation, agreement, or approval along the lines of “Cool!” or “I’m down!” It can also be used to express doubt or disbelief. This usage likely originated in Black slang. It’s also even more proof that Gen Z appears to love recycling trends from the ’90s, since bet can be traced back to that decade.

8. skrrt
Does slang become less cool if we tell you it’s also an onomatopoeia? Skrrt is supposed to mimic the sound of screeching tires, and it’s used as an interjection. For example, if someone is sharing some juicy gossip, their friend might respond with a skrrt to get them to stop and repeat something exciting they just said. The term has been in use since at least 2015, and it’s closely linked to the rising popularity of trap music.

9. understood the assignment
If you spend time on Twitter, you’ve probably seen tweets about actors who understood the assignment, or were perfectly suited for the role they were playing. This slang phrase is used to mean that someone was successful at or totally nailed something they needed to do. This isn’t limited to famous people. Someone who’s well-dressed or has the exact right comeback may also have understood the assignment. Saying this about someone is like giving them a gold star.

10. OK boomer
Gen Z and Millennials are two distinct groups, but they found something to agree on with the term OK boomer. Both generations helped popularize the phrase starting in 2019, and it’s still going strong today. OK boomer is used as a clapback when people from older generations post condescending or out-of-touch things about younger generations online. It’s also used in a humorous or ironic way to dismiss out-of-touch commentary from people of any age group.

11. say less
Say less may come off as rude to some because it’s essentially a request to stop talking. It’s an abrupt, often funny way of saying “I understand” or “I’ve got the point.” Say less is the title of a 2019 song by R&B artist Ashanti. It’s also the name of a 2017 album by Canadian musician Roy Woods. It appeared online as early as 2011, but it may have reached its current level of popularity thanks to a 2021 Saturday Night Live skit.

12. slaps
This next word really slaps. It essentially means “to be excellent or amazing.” You’ve most likely heard slap in reference to music, as in “This song really slaps.” This slang word is also a total blast from the past. It was an adjective for “first-rate” in the mid-1800s and an adverb, meaning “excellently,” even earlier, in the mid-1700s. By at least the early 2000s, slaps was being used to celebrate everything from great music to good food. The musical slap is often credited to Bay Area hip-hop slang. There are many other slang terms that draw on force and motion to characterize great music, including bops, whips, and smacks. A track that slaps can be called a banger.

13. low-key/high-key
Low-key generally means “quiet,” “restrained,” “moderate,” or “easygoing.” In the slang sense, it’s more about a subtle feeling or something you want to keep on the downlow, such as low-key being excited about a cheesy new movie coming out or having a low-key crush on a celebrity. Alternatively, high-key is used to express open excitement about something, like being high-key invested in the ongoing drama between Taylor Swift and Jake Gyllenhaal. Fun fact: while low-key originates as an adjective, it is also widely used as an adverb, as our examples show above.

14. bussin’
If something is really, really good, you might describe it as bussin’. This term originates in African American Vernacular English (AAVE), likely based on various senses of bust meaning “to explode, do well, enjoy.” Many say it’s been appropriated by Gen Z in a way that changes the original meaning. While younger generations use the term for everything from a great outfit to good music, in AAVE, bussin’ typically refers to delicious food.

15. simp
Gen Z didn’t invent simp, but they’ve found a way to make it their own. Simp is used—often, it’s important to note, in sexist ways—as an insult for men who are seen as being too submissive to women, especially under the guise of trying to win sexual attention from them. It’s controversial, though, as many say the term is degrading to women and a way of bullying men. Though the term found viral fame among TikTok influencers in 2019 and early 2020, rappers like Ice-T and DJ Evil E were using the term as far back as 1987.

16. vibing
Back in the day, kids used to chill out. Now, you might find them vibing instead. Vibing means relaxing, tapping into good feelings, and just generally enjoying the atmosphere. It’s closely related to vibe, which is an older slang term—from the late 1960s—that means “a feeling or flavor of the kind specified.” Vibing is used in many situations, but especially when someone is losing themselves in great music or conversation.

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