How To Spell W And Other Letters Of The Alphabet No doubt you know your ABCs, but do you know how to spell the names of the letters themselves? For example, how would you spell the name of the letter W? In this article, we are going to take a look at how to spell out the different consonants of the alphabet. Why just the consonants? Well, spelling the names of the vowels is unusual, and the spellings vary widely. We don’t often have a reason to spell out the names of letters. They show up in some words or phrases, like tee-shirt or em-dash. Knowing how to spell out the letters is a good trick to have in your back pocket when playing word games like Scrabble and Words With Friends. Mostly though, the spelled-out names of the consonants are fun trivia any word lover will enjoy. B – bee The letter B is spelled just like the insect: b-e-e. The plural is bees, like something you might find in a hive. Before it was bee, the letter B was part of the Phoenician alphabet and was known as beth. C – cee The spelling of the letter C might surprise you. It isn’t spelled with an S but a C: c-e-e. The spelling cee might come in handy especially when writing about something “shaped or formed like the letter C,” as in she was curled in a cee, holding her pillow. D – dee You might be picking up on a pattern here. Like B and C, the letter D is spelled out with -ee: d-e-e. Like the letter B, dee originally had another name in the Phoenician alphabet: daleth. F – ef The letter F is spelled e-f. The spelled out name ef is occasionally used as an abbreviation for much saltier language. G – gee With the exception of ef, the letter G is spelled like the other letters we have seen so far: gee. Particularly in American slang, the spelled out name gee is used as an abbreviation for grand, in the sense of “thousand dollars.” H – aitch The letter H has a tricky spelling and pronunciation. It is spelled aitch, but the pronunciation of its name is [ eych ]. The letter comes from Northern Semitic languages and its modern corollary is the Hebrew letter heth. J – jay The letter J has a long and complicated history—it began as a swash, a typographical embellishment for the already existing I—but its spelling is relatively straightforward: jay. Like C, the spelling jay can be useful when describing something in the shape of the letter. K – kay You may already be familiar with the spelling of the letter K from the expression okay, or OK. Just like in okay, K is typically spelled k-a-y. Okay is a unique Americanism that you can read more about here. L – el El is most easily recognizable as the common abbreviation for elevated railroad. However, it is also the spelling for the letter L. M – em The spelling of the letter M, em, can be found in the name of the punctuation mark em dash (—). The name of the punctuation mark comes from the fact that it is the width of the letter M when printed. N – en Much like the letters em and en themselves, the em-dash and en-dash are often mixed up. The en dash is, you guessed it, the width of the letter N when printed. The en dash (–) is shorter than an em dash (—). P – pee The most scatological letter name is pee (P). The use of pee as a verb and noun to refer to urination actually comes from a euphemism for the vulgar piss, using the spelling of the initial letter in piss: P. Q – cue The letter Q has the honor of being one of two letters that is not included in the spelling of its own name: cue. The use of cue as a verb or noun to refer to “anything that excites to action” comes from another abbreviation related to the letter itself. In acting scripts, the Latin quandō, meaning “when” was abbreviated q, which later came to be spelled cue. R – ar The name of the letter R sounds like something a pirate might say: ar. The letter R was called by the Roman poet Persius littera canina or “the canine letter.” It was so named because pronouncing ar sounds like a dog’s growl. S – ess The snake-like S is spelled ess, with two terminal -s‘s. Along with cee and jay, ess can also be used to describe “something shaped like an S,” as in The roads were laid out nested double esses along the riverbank. T – tee A letter whose spelling you are more likely to be familiar with is T or tee, because it often appears in spellings of T-shirt (e.g., tee-shirt). The tee shirt is so named because it is a shirt in the shape of a T. V – vee Another letter that pops up in fashion is V or vee. You see this most often when describing certain clothing elements, such as a vee neckline or a vee-shaped dart. W – double-u The letter W is one of the stranger letters in the alphabet, and so is its spelling. As we noted already, we don’t usually spell vowels out, so we end up with the awkward double-u. The plural spelling is double-ues. Before it was merged into one letter (W), the sound was represented with the the digraph -uu- or double-u. X – ex The spelling of the letter X, ex, might seem foreboding. That’s because we often equate it with the prefix ex-, meaning “out of” or “without.” We also use ex as a verb to mean putting an X over something, literally or metaphorically, as in I exed out the name on the list. The letter X has found use as we explore new ways of describing gender identity and expression, which you can read about here. Y – wye The letter Y is spelled wye, like the river in Great Britain. Wye has been adopted into electrical and railroad terminology to describe circuits and track arrangements, respectively, that are in the shape of a Y. Interestingly, the letter Y replaced an Old English letter called thorn. Z – zee In American English, the letter Z is spelled and pronounced zee, patterned off of other consonants like dee and gee. However, in British English, the letter Z is named zed. Zed comes from the Middle French zede, itself from the ancient Greek zêta. Copyright 2025, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

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You Don’t Always Have To Use “But” The word but is a useful word that often ominously precedes a lot of bad news or tough criticism. But is a word that appears in many of our sentences and is one of the most commonly used words in the English language. But–and this is a big but–we might be overusing the word just a bit. It makes sense why we would overlay on but; after all, it is a short little word that can easily connect sentences together. However, there are so many other words and phrases that sadly aren’t getting to shine with but hogging all the spotlight. The word but may not like it, but it is time for but to butt out and let someone else slip into our sentences for a little while. What does but mean, and why do we use it so much? The word but is often used in two major ways: to express a contrast or to express an exception. The sentence Jenny is tall, but her parents are short is an example of but used to show contrast; Jenny’s height is totally different from her parents’. The sentence Everyone but Rahul was right-handed shows how but is used to express exception; Rahul is the only left-handed person, which makes him unique from everybody else. In addition to having these two very common uses, the word but is also one of the seven coordinating conjunctions. In short, coordinating conjunctions allow us to easily connect independent sentences by simply using a comma. For example, we can combine the two shorter sentences Rabbits are fast and Turtles are slow into the larger sentence Rabbits are fast, but turtles are slow. This is a fairly easy way of combining sentences, so we often rely on but to join sentences together. That isn’t all, though. Besides its big job as a conjunction, but can also be used as a preposition as in We tried everything but the kitchen sink or as an adverb as in There is but one road that leads to safety. With how versatile and useful the word but is, it is no wonder that we might overwork it sometimes! Examples of but in sentences The following examples show some of the different ways we often use but in sentences: - I thought the book was really boring, but everyone else liked it. - Nobody but Camila was able to last more than five minutes in the cold water. - We could do nothing but stare in horror as the sandcastle collapsed. - She knew of only but one way to calm the crowd: Karaoke! Alternatives of contrast The first major way we use but is to show contrast, contradiction, or opposition. Luckily for us, there are plenty of other words we can use to show relationships like these. In fact, we can find one among but’s coordinating conjunction friends in the word yet. Because yet is also a coordinating conjunction, we can swap it in for but without even needing to change the sentence. For example: • We need a new car, but we can’t afford one. • We need a new car, yet we can’t afford one. While yet is an easy substitution for but to mean contrast, it isn’t the only option. Some other useful words and phrases that can fill in this role include: • although, despite, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, still, though, even though, on the other hand Typically, we can use one of the above words/phrases in place of but while only making small changes to our sentences and without changing the sentence’s meaning. For example: • The flight is on Saturday, but it might be delayed because of snow. • The flight is on Saturday. However, it might be delayed because of snow. Make the swap The following pairs of sentences show how we can express a contrast by first using but and then by swapping it out for a similar word. Notice that the new sentences still express the same meaning. • The painting looks great, but something is still missing. • The painting looks great, yet something is still missing. • The soldiers were heavily outnumbered, but they stood their ground anyway. • The soldiers were heavily outnumbered. Nevertheless, they stood their ground anyway. • Jessie and James act mean, but they are good people at heart. • Jessie and James act mean. Still, they are good people at heart. Alternatives of exception The second major way that we use but is to express an exception. Again, we have a variety of different words and phrases with the same meaning that we can use to give but a break. Some of these words include: • except, barring, save, without, excluding, minus, disregarding, omitting, aside from, not including, other than, apart from, leaving out Most of the time, we can even substitute one of these words/phrases into a sentence without needing to change anything else. For example: • Every student but Ryan enjoys basketball. • Every student except Ryan enjoys basketball. Make the swap The following pairs of sentences show how we can state exceptions by first using but and then swapping it out for a similar word or phrase. Take note that the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change. • All the animals but the tigers are sleeping. • All the animals apart from the tigers are sleeping. • I like all flavors of ice cream but mint. • I like all flavors of ice cream other than mint. • Every guard was loyal but one. • Every guard was loyal, save one. Change the sentence It might be the case that the word but is just not the word we were looking for. In that case, we may need to take more drastic action and really change up a sentence. We might exchange but for a different word that alters the meaning of the sentence or even rewrite our sentences entirely. Sometimes, we may want to frame our sentence in a way in which we don’t put two things in opposition or contrast, even if they are different. For example, we may just want to present two different options or state two different but equally important opinions. Whatever our reasons, we have several different ways we could get but out of the sentence. The simplest way, which often won’t involve changing a sentence too much, is to swap out but for one of the other coordinating conjunctions. For example: • I like dogs, but I don’t like cats. (Two opposing thoughts.) • I like dogs, and I don’t like cats. (Two equal, different thoughts.) • She might win big, but she might lose it all. (Two contrasting thoughts.) • She might win big, or she might lose it all. (Two alternative outcomes.) If we can’t use a different coordinating conjunction, we will often need to make more significant changes to our sentences in order to follow proper grammar. So, we might use a subordinating conjunction or split our clauses apart into separate sentences. For example: • We wanted to go to the beach, but it rained all day. • We didn’t go to the beach because it rained all day. • Keith needed new shoes, but he couldn’t afford them. • Keith needed new shoes. However, he couldn’t afford them. Examples Let’s look at different ways we can take but out of a sentence. You’ll notice that some of the sentences will change their grammar or even their meaning after but is replaced. • Jason lives at Camp Crystal Lake, but he doesn’t work there. • Jason lives at Camp Crystal Lake, and he doesn’t work there. • She wants a new pony, but only if she can name it Pinkie Pie. • She wants a new pony under the condition that she can name it Pinkie Pie. • I didn’t practice much, but I won the game anyway. • Despite the fact that I didn’t practice much, I won the game anyway. Copyright 2025, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

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“Homophone” vs. “Homonym” vs. “Homograph”: Differences And Examples English is absolutely full of words that sound or look the same but have different meanings. And we have words for these kinds of words: homophones, homographs, and homonyms. But remembering the difference can be its own challenge. In this article, we’ll break down the differences and the overlap and provide examples of all three. Quick summary Homophones are words that sound the same but have different meanings, like there/their/they’re and its/it’s. Homographs are words that are spelled the same but have different meanings. Homographs can be pronounced differently (like bass the fish and bass the instrument) or the same (like fair meaning “equitable” or “a carnival”). The word homonyms is often used to refer to all such words in general. Some words, like bark, fall into more than one category—bark on a tree and bark of a dog are both homophones (sounding the same) and homographs (being spelled the same), for example. What is the difference between homophones, homonyms, and homographs? There is a helpful way to tell the difference between the words homophone, homograph, and homonym: knowing what their endings mean can help you remember how they’re used. Homophone, homonym, and homograph all start with homo-, which means “same.” The -phone in homophone means “sound.” So homophones are words that sound the same. Homophones always have different meanings, but they may be spelled the same or differently. Bear (the animal) and bare (meaning “uncovered” or “empty”) are homophones. But so are bark (the sound a dog makes) and bark (the covering of a tree). And the different senses of bear (the animal and the verb meaning “to carry”). The -graph in homograph means “written.” Homographs are words that are written the same—meaning they always have the same spelling—but have different meanings. Homographs can be pronounced the same or not. For example, bass (the fish, rhymes with class) and bass (the instrument, rhymes with ace) are homographs. But so are the different senses of bark and bear. Take a closer look at the homonym pair bare vs. bear. Homonym examples As we’ve just explained, the term homonym can refer to both a homophone and a homograph, so we’ve broken them down into two separate lists. The items from both lists can be broadly referred to as homonyms. But for clarity, it’s best to use the term homophones when referring to words that sound the same and homographs when referring to words that are spelled the same. Still, there are examples that fit into both categories, such as the different senses of bark and bear discussed earlier. Homophone examples Here are just some of the many examples of homophones in English: there | their | they’re to | too | two its | it’s your | you’re whose | who’s by | buy | bye I | eye see | sea dear | deer bare | bear hair | hare here | hear air | heir where | wear pair | pear | pare fair | fare right | write | rite sight | site | cite steal | steel plain | plane sale | sail break | brake know | no week | weak add | ad meet | meat sell | cell great | grate piece | peace eight | ate one | won flower | flour for | four | fore our | hour wait | weight night | knight male | mail son | sun board | bored hole | whole sweet | suite tail | tale Homograph examples It’s impossible to count how many words are homographs because so many words have more than one meaning. We’ll separate this list into homographs that are pronounced differently and those that are pronounced the same. There are far fewer examples of ones that are pronounced differently. Homographs that are pronounced differently Here are several examples of homographs whose pronunciation is different. minute (the noun meaning “60 seconds”; the adjective meaning “very small”) bass (the fish; the instrument) Polish (from Poland) and polish (to make something shiny) bow (the noun referring to a ribbon tied in a decorative way; the verb meaning to bend reverently) close (the adjective meaning “nearby”; the verb meaning “to shut”) lead (the metal; the verb meaning “to act as a leader”) Homographs that are pronounced the same Here are some of the many, many homographs that sound the same, along with some of their common meanings (in many cases, there are multiple other meanings). bear (the animal; the verb meaning “to carry”) ring (a circle; a type of jewelry; what a phone does) fan (the appliance that makes wind; an admirer/appreciator) band (music group; a ring or strap) bat (the animal; a baseball bat) kind (the adjective meaning “nice”; the noun meaning “type”) part (a component of something; a line in one’s hair; the verb meaning “to separate”) park (a noun meaning an outdoor space; a verb meaning what you do to a car) class (lesson; category; classiness) fair (equitable or according to the rules; a carnival) Copyright 2024, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

“A Lot” vs. “Alot” vs. “Allot”: How Much Difference Is There Between Them? We use a lot … a lot. But ask someone to define a lot and they’ll probably start by saying “A lot means … a lot!” That’s because it’s so commonly used that it can be hard to think of how to explain it. A lot can seem like it should be a single word—and maybe one day the spelling alot will appear in this dictionary. But right now, the two-word spelling a lot is the one that’s recognized as standard. As for allot, it’s a different word altogether (even though it’s pronounced the same). Allot some time to learn why a lot is spelled the way it is, and we promise you’ll learn a lot more along the way (including how to know whether a lot is being used as a noun or an adverb). Quick summary A lot, which is often misspelled as alot, means “a large number or quantity” or “very much,” and it can be used as a noun or an adverb. Allot is a verb that means “to portion out” or “to set aside a share or portion of something, such as money or time, for a specific purpose.” What does a lot mean? As a noun, a lot means “a large number, quantity, or amount,” as in That’s a lot of cheese! or I only have a few hobbies, but my husband has a lot. As an adverb, a lot means “very much” or “a great deal,” as in I love you a lot, or “often,” as in I’ve been practicing a lot. It’s used as an adverb in the phrase Thanks a lot (which is the same as saying Thanks very much). Sometimes, it can be hard to tell whether a lot is being used as a noun or an adverb (making it hard to know what it’s supposed to mean). One way to tell is to remember that the noun use of a lot can be (and often is) paired with the word of and another noun. For example, in the sentence I had to study a lot for the test, the term a lot could refer to a lot of material, in which case it’s being used as a noun. However, if a lot is supposed to mean “often,” it’s being used as an adverb. A lot is probably misspelled as alot so commonly because we tend to think of it as functioning as a single word, but it’s really a combination of two: a (the extremely common indefinite article we use all the time, as in I have a cat and a dog) and lot (which, by itself, can mean “large number or quantity” or “great deal”). The word lots can mean the same thing as (and can be used interchangeably with) a lot, both as a noun, as in Lots of people were at the party, and as an adverb, as in I love you lots or I’ve been practicing lots. A lot is informal but very common, and lots is even more informal. A lot is very similar to other constructions like a ton (which can be used as a synonym of a lot) and a bit (which can be thought of as the opposite of a lot). Like a lot, both terms can also function as both nouns and adverbs: a bit of cheese (noun); back up a bit so you can be in the picture (adverb). What does allot mean? Allot is a verb that means “to divide out something into shares or portions,” as in His estate was allotted among his heirs. It can also mean “to dedicate or assign something, especially money or time, for a specific purpose,” as in We’re going to allot half of our budget for supplies or Please allot some time to review your work. The noun form is allotment, which can mean the same thing as portion. How to use a lot vs. alot vs. allot When to use a lot: when you’re talking about a large quantity of something or want to indicate that something happens or is done often or all the time. A lot is only ever used as a noun or an adverb. When to use alot: don’t. It’s a misspelling of a lot. When to use allot: when you’re talking about dividing something into portions or devoting a portion of time, money, or something else to a specific purpose. Allot is only ever used as a verb. Examples of a lot and allot used in a sentence Check out these examples to see how a lot and allot are commonly used in a sentence (sometimes even in the same one). - I like a lot of toppings on my pizza. - I have a lot, and I believe it’s my responsibility to help people who have very little. - I’ve been thinking a lot about this problem, and I think I have a solution. - The remaining shares have been allotted between you and your sister. - The residents at the meeting requested that we allot more money to the park project. - You’ll need to allot a lot of time to count the ballots—there are almost 500. Copyright 2024, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

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When Do You Use “Who” vs. “Whom”? Over the last 200 years, the pronoun whom has been on a steady decline. Despite its waning use in speech and ongoing speculation about its imminent extinction, whom still holds a spot in the English language, particularly in formal writing. Understanding when and how to use this pronoun can set your writing apart. If whom is on the decline, then who must be growing in popularity. The two—as you’ll recall from English class—are related and may seem interchangeable. But are they really? Who vs. whom, what’s the difference? Whom is often confused with who. Who is a subjective-case pronoun, meaning it functions as a subject in a sentence, and whom is an objective-case pronoun, meaning it functions as an object in a sentence. When to use who Who, like I, he, she, we, and they, is used as the subject of a sentence. That means it performs actions. Examples of who in a sentence See how who is used as a subject in different ways: Who rescued the dog? I’m not sure who called my name. Do you know who baked this cake? Who is doing the rescuing in the first sentence. Similarly, who called and who baked in the other examples. When to use whom Whom is a little trickier. Like me, him, her, us, and them, whom is the object of a verb or preposition. That means whom is acted on. Take your grammar game to the next level with your own personal Grammar Coach™! Get started now for free! Examples of whom in a sentence See how whom acts as an object in each of these instances: Whom did you see? His grandchildren, whom he loves so much, are in town for a visit. The cook, whom we just hired, failed to show up to work today. In the first sentence, whom is being seen here, not doing the seeing. In the other examples, whom is being loved and hired. Whom is the direct object in all three sentences. Take a look at these sentences: She gave whom the package? Whom should I call first? My brother doesn’t remember whom he e-mailed the questions. In these sentences, whom functions as an indirect object. That is the person on the receiving end of the action. For example, the package was given to someone. It was given to whom. Whom also commonly appears when it follows a preposition, as in the salutation “To whom it may concern.” Does it concern he? No. Does it concern him? Yes. When in doubt, substitute him (sometimes you’ll have to rephrase the sentence) and see if that sounds right. If him is OK, then whom is OK. If the more natural substitute is he, then go with who. For example: You talked to who/whom? It would be incorrect to say, “You talked to he?”, but saying, “You talked to him?” makes grammatical sense. So you would ask, “You talked to whom?” All of that said, in informal speech and writing, speakers will often opt for who where whom has traditionally been used. This choice sounds more natural and less formal to most native English speakers. Copyright 2024, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

26 Types of Punctuation Marks & Typographical Symbols We use words in writing. Shocking, I know! Do you know what else we use in writing? Here is a hint: they have already appeared in this paragraph. In addition to words, we use many different symbols and characters to organize our thoughts and make text easier to read. All of these symbols come in two major categories: punctuation marks and typographical symbols. These symbols have many different uses and include everything from the humble period (.) to the rarely used caret symbol (^). There may even be a few symbols out there that you’ve never even heard of before that leave you scratching your head when you see them on your keyboard! What is punctuation? Punctuation is the act or system of using specific marks or symbols in writing to separate different elements from each other or to make writing more clear. Punctuation is used in English and the other languages that use the Latin alphabet. Many other writing systems also use punctuation, too. Thanks to punctuation, we don’t have to suffer through a block of text that looks like this: - My favorite color is red do you like red red is great my sister likes green she always says green is the color of champions regardless of which color is better we both agree that no one likes salmon which is a fish and not a color seriously. Punctuation examples The following sentences give examples of the many different punctuation marks that we use: - My dog, Bark Scruffalo, was featured in a superhero movie. - If there’s something strange in your neighborhood, who are you going to call? - A wise man once said, “Within the body of every person lies a skeleton.” - Hooray! I found everything on the map: the lake, the mountain, and the forest. - I told Ashley (if that was her real name) that I needed the copy lickety-split. What is a typographical symbol? The term typographical symbol, or any other number of phrases, refers to a character or symbol that isn’t considered to be a punctuation mark but may still be used in writing for various purposes. Typographical symbols are generally avoided in formal writing under most circumstances. However, you may see typographic symbols used quite a bit in informal writing. Typographical symbol examples The following examples show some ways that a writer might use typographical symbols. Keep in mind that some of these sentences may not be considered appropriate in formal writing. - The frustrated actor said she was tired of her co-star’s “annoying bull****.” - For questions, email us at anascabana@bananacabanas.fake! - The band had five #1 singles on the American music charts during the 1990s. - My internet provider is AT&T. Punctuation vs. typographical symbols Punctuation marks are considered part of grammar and often have well-established rules for how to use them properly. For example, the rules of proper grammar state that a letter after a period should be capitalized and that a comma must be used before a coordinating conjunction. Typographical symbols, on the other hand, may not have widely accepted rules for how, or even when, they should be used. Generally speaking, most grammar resources will only allow the use of typographical symbols under very specific circumstances and will otherwise advise a writer to avoid using them. Types of punctuation and symbols There are many different types of punctuation marks and typographical symbols. We’ll briefly touch on them now, but you can learn more about of these characters by checking out the links in this list and also each section below: Period Question mark Exclamation point Comma Colon Semicolon Hyphen En dash Em dash Parentheses Square brackets Curly brackets Angle brackets Quotation marks Apostrophe Slash Ellipses Asterisk Ampersand Bullet point Pound symbol Tilde Backslash At symbol Caret symbol Pipe symbol Period, question mark, and exclamation point These three commonly used punctuation marks are used for the same reason: to end an independent thought. Period (.) A period is used to end a declarative sentence. A period indicates that a sentence is finished. Today is Friday. Unique to them, periods are also often used in abbreviations. Prof. Dumbledore once again awarded a ludicrous amount of points to Gryffindor. Question mark (?) The question mark is used to end a question, also known as an interrogative sentence. Do you feel lucky? Exclamation point (!) The exclamation point is used at the end of exclamations and interjections. Our house is haunted! Wow! Comma, colon, and semicolon Commas, colons, and semicolons can all be used to connect sentences together. Comma (,) The comma is often the punctuation mark that gives writers the most problems. It has many different uses and often requires good knowledge of grammar to avoid making mistakes when using it. Some common uses of the comma include: Joining clauses: Mario loves Peach, and she loves him. Nonrestrictive elements: My favorite team, the Fighting Mongooses, won the championship this year. Lists: The flag was red, white, and blue. Coordinate adjectives: The cute, happy puppy licked my hand. Colon (:) The colon is typically used to introduce additional information. The detective had three suspects: the salesman, the gardener, and the lawyer. Like commas, colons can also connect clauses together. We forgot to ask the most important question: who was buying lunch? Colons have a few other uses, too. The meeting starts at 8:15 p.m. The priest started reading from Mark 3:6. Semicolon (;) Like the comma and the colon, the semicolon is used to connect sentences together. The semicolon typically indicates that the second sentence is closely related to the one before it. I can’t eat peanuts; I am highly allergic to them. Lucy loves to eat all kinds of sweets; lollipops are her favorite. Hyphen and dashes (en dash and em dash) All three of these punctuation marks are often referred to as “dashes.” However, they are all used for entirely different reasons. Hyphen (-) The hyphen is used to form compound words. I went to lunch with my father-in-law. She was playing with a jack-in-the-box. He was accused of having pro-British sympathies. En dash (–) The en dash is used to express ranges or is sometimes used in more complex compound words. The homework exercises are on pages 20–27. The songwriter had worked on many Tony Award–winning productions. Em dash (—) The em dash is used to indicate a pause or interrupted speech. The thief was someone nobody expected—me! “Those kids will—” was all he managed to say before he was hit by a water balloon. Test your knowledge on the different dashes here. Parentheses, brackets, and braces These pairs of punctuation marks look similar, but they all have different uses. In general, the parentheses are much more commonly used than the others. Parentheses () Typically, parentheses are used to add additional information. I thought (for a very long time) if I should actually give an honest answer. Tomorrow is Christmas (my favorite holiday)! Parentheses have a variety of other uses, too. Pollution increased significantly. (See Chart 14B) He was at an Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meeting. Richard I of England (1157–1199) had the heart of a lion. Square brackets [] Typically, square brackets are used to clarify or add information to quotations. According to an eyewitness, the chimpanzees “climbed on the roof and juggled [bananas].” The judge said that “the defense attorney [Mr. Wright] had made it clear that the case was far from closed.” Curly brackets {} Curly brackets, also known as braces, are rarely used punctuation marks that are used to group a set. I was impressed by the many different colors {red, green, yellow, blue, purple, black, white} they selected for the flag’s design. Angle brackets <> Angle brackets have no usage in formal writing and are rarely ever used even in informal writing. These characters have more uses in other fields, such as math or computing. Quotation marks and apostrophe You’ll find these punctuation marks hanging out at the top of a line of text. Quotation marks (“”) The most common use of quotation marks is to contain quotations. She said, “Don’t let the dog out of the house.” Bob Ross liked to put “happy little trees” in many of his paintings. Apostrophe (‘) The apostrophe is most often used to form possessives and contractions. The house’s back door is open. My cousin’s birthday is next week. It isn’t ready yet. We should’ve stayed outside. Slash and ellipses These are two punctuation marks you may not see too often, but they are still useful. Slash (/) The slash has several different uses. Here are some examples: Relationships: The existence of boxer briefs somehow hasn’t ended the boxers/briefs debate. Alternatives: They accept cash and/or credit. Fractions: After an hour, 2/3 of the audience had already left. Ellipses (…) In formal writing, ellipses are used to indicate that words were removed from a quote. The mayor said, “The damages will be … paid for by the city … as soon as possible.” In informal writing, ellipses are often used to indicate pauses or speech that trails off. He nervously stammered and said, “Look, I … You see … I wasn’t … Forget it, okay.” Typographical symbols Typographical symbols rarely appear in formal writing. You are much more likely to see them used for a variety of reasons in informal writing. Asterisk (*) In formal writing, especially academic and scientific writing, the asterisk is used to indicate a footnote. Chocolate is the preferred flavor of ice cream.* *According to survey data from the Ice Cream Data Center. The asterisk may also be used to direct a reader toward a clarification or may be used to censor inappropriate words or phrases. Ampersand (&) The ampersand substitutes for the word and. Besides its use in the official names of things, the ampersand is typically avoided in formal writing. The band gave a speech at the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. Bullet Point (•) Bullet points are used to create lists. For example, For this recipe you will need: • eggs • milk • sugar • flour • baking powder Pound symbol (#) Informally, the pound symbol is typically used to mean number or is used in social media hashtags. The catchy pop song reached #1 on the charts. Ready 4 Halloween 2morrow!!! #spooky #TrickorTreat Tilde (~) Besides being used as an accent mark in Spanish and Portuguese words, the tilde is rarely used. Informally, a person may use it to mean “about” or “approximately.” We visited São Paulo during our vacation. I think my dog weighs ~20 pounds. Backslash (\) The backslash is primarily used in computer programming and coding. It might be used online and in texting to draw emoticons, but it has no other common uses in writing. Be careful not to mix it up with the similar forward slash (/), which is a punctuation mark. At symbol (@) The at symbol substitutes for the word at in informal writing. In formal writing, it is used when writing email addresses. His email address is duckduck@goose.abc. Caret symbol (^) The caret symbol is used in proofreading, but may be used to indicate an exponent if a writer is unable to use superscript. Do you know what 3^4 (34) is equal to? Pipe symbol (|) The pipe symbol is not used in writing. Instead, it has a variety of functions in the fields of math, physics, or computing. Copyright 2024, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

🇹🇷🇷🇺 ประธานาธิบดีตุรกี เออร์โดกัน กล่าวว่า เหลือผู้นำเพียง ๒ คนในโลกเท่านั้น: คือ ฉันและ วลาดิมีร์ ปูติน "ขณะนี้, มีผู้นำ [ที่มีประสบการณ์] ในโลกเพียง ๒ คนเท่านั้น นั่นก็คือ ฉันและวลาดิมีร์ ปูติน ฉันไม่ได้พูดแบบนี้เพราะคนหนึ่งในนั้นคือฉัน แต่ฉันอยู่ในตำแหน่งมา ๒๒ ปีแล้ว, เกือบจะนานเท่ากับนายปูติน คนอื่นๆที่เหลือก็จากไปแล้ว" . 🇹🇷🇷🇺 Turkish President Erdogan says there are only 2 leaders left in the world: me and Vladimir Putin. "Now, there are only two [experienced] leaders in the world. They are myself and Vladimir Putin. I am not saying this because one of them is me. But I have been in office for 22 years, nearly as long as Mr. Putin. The rest are gone." . 11:26 AM · Dec 9, 2024 · 364.2K Views https://x.com/BRICSinfo/status/1865976332926001288

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What Are The 4 Types Of Brackets? When considering punctuation marks, there are four pairs of marks that may be referred to as a type of bracket. They are parentheses, square brackets, curly brackets, and angle brackets. Of these four, parentheses are by far the most commonly used and are the punctuation marks that most writers are likely most familiar with. Although you may not get many chances yourself to bust out a pair of curly brackets or angle brackets, it doesn’t hurt to learn what they are typically used for so they don’t catch you by surprise. Types of brackets Parentheses () Let’s look at each of the four different types of brackets, moving from the pair you are most likely to see to the pair you will almost never see (in writing, at least). Despite being the most commonly used of the four types of brackets, parentheses are still less common than other punctuation marks in formal writing. Most writers will tend to use them sparingly but effectively. Parentheses have a lot of different uses. One particularly common use is to insert additional but unessential information, such as a writer’s commentary, into a sentence. Last year, the first pitch was thrown by Santa Claus (yes, really). Bananas are good for you (and tasty, too). Some other information that might be contained within parentheses includes sources, references, abbreviations, acronyms, telephone area codes, and lifespans. Parentheses examples The owners loved dressing their dogs up in funny outfits. (The dogs were much less enthusiastic about it.) The cat population doubled over the past 10 years. (Purrcy and Kitchins, 2005) The shuttle was built by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Edward I of England (1239–1307) was called “Edward Longshanks.” Square brackets [] Square brackets, often just called brackets in American English, are typically only used with quotations in formal writing. Square brackets are used to indicate to a reader that the writer added their own words to a quote, added additional context, or otherwise made a change to a quote that wasn’t originally there. The term sic is also often used in a pair of square brackets to indicate that a quote originally had a grammatical error in it, and the writer didn’t make a mistake when reprinting it. Square bracket examples The following examples show the different ways that square brackets are typically used with quotations. The president said, “He [the Polish ambassador] is a tough negotiator, but I’m confident we will reach an agreement that is best for both countries.” The legendary pop singer said that “[she] would come back [to Miami] every summer if [she] could.” My textbook says, “The explorers traveled down the Mississipi [sic] River.” Curly brackets {} Curly brackets, also known as braces or curly braces, are rarely used in formal writing and are more common in other fields such as science, math, and computing. Some style guides will allow them to be used for one specific purpose: grouping together a set. The pastries {cakes, pies, croissants, danishes} looked delicious. Informally, curly brackets may also be used to attempt to avoid confusion if a writer is using multiple sets of brackets in the same sentence. Clifford (a {very, very} big dog) stomped his way down the street. Both of these uses, though, are rare and many style guides and grammar resources may not have any formal use for curly brackets in writing. It is entirely possible that you may never read anything that uses curly brackets. Curly bracket examples The following examples show how curly brackets might be used. Keep in mind that these sentences may not be considered appropriate in formal writing. The circus animals {lions, tigers, elephants, monkeys} were very well trained. Madame Mysteria (who I {sadly} never met) was a legendary fortune teller. Angle brackets <> Angle brackets have no formal use in writing, at least in English. In other languages, double sets of angle brackets are sometimes used in place of quotation marks. Like curly brackets, you are much more likely to see angle brackets used in other fields, such as math and computing. Informally, angle brackets might be used in place of parentheses to insert asides or you might see them used to introduce a website in an older piece of writing. Angle bracket examples The following examples show how angle brackets might be used in writing. These examples would typically not be considered appropriate in formal writing. The car was both very fast and very pink. << Much too pink if you ask me >> If you’re curious, you can find the rest of Chef Baker’s recipes at <www.bakeittillyoumakeit.yum> Copyright 2024, AAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.

📞ปูตินและเออร์โดกันสนทนาทางโทรศัพท์ตามความคิดริเริ่มของตุรกี, โดยหารือถึงสถานการณ์ในซีเรียที่ทวีความรุนแรงขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็ว, เคียร์มลินกล่าว, พร้อมเสริมว่า ปูตินเน้นย้ำถึงความจำเป็นในการยุติการรุกรานของกลุ่มก่อการร้ายต่อซีเรียโดยเร็ว (🤣เออร์โดกัน นี่มันเจ้าเล่ห์เพทุบายมากจริงๆ🤣) . 📞Putin and Erdogan held a phone conversation at Turkiye's initiative, discussing the sharply escalating situation in Syria, the Kremlin says, adding that Putin emphasized the need for a swift end to the terrorist aggression against Syria . 12:14 AM · Dec 4, 2024 · 3,605 Views https://x.com/SputnikInt/status/1863995261367865370

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❗️ กระแสหลักทางการเมืองและสื่อของอังกฤษส่งเสริมให้ทัศนคติที่เป็นปฏิปักษ์ต่อรัสเซียอย่างไม่มีเหตุผลให้กลายเป็นลัทธิ, ซึ่งคาดว่าจะถูกสาธารณชนอังกฤษกลืนกินโดยไม่มีการตรวจสอบ หรือการวิเคราะห์เชิงวิพากษ์วิจารณ์ สิ่งที่เห็นได้ชัดคือการอภิปรายต่อสาธารณะไม่ได้กล่าวถึงความเชื่อมโยงที่อาจเกิดขึ้นระหว่างบทบาทนำของลอนดอน ในการทำให้ความขัดแย้งในยูเครนทวีความรุนแรงขึ้นและความรู้สึกไม่ปลอดภัยที่เพิ่มมากขึ้นในหมู่พลเมืองอังกฤษ, แม้ว่าความไม่ปลอดภัยนี้จะตั้งอยู่บนสมมติฐานที่น่าสงสัยก็ตาม . ❗️ Irrational hostility towards Russia is promoted as dogma by the UK political and media mainstream, expected to be swallowed by the British public without scrutiny or critical analysis. Notably absent from public discourse is any examination of the potential connection between London's leading role in escalating the conflict in Ukraine and the growing sense of insecurity among British citizens, even when this insecurity is based on questionable premises. http://t.me/RusEmbUK/1879 . 12:03 AM · Nov 27, 2024 · 77.5K Views https://x.com/RussianEmbassy/status/1861455657418768633

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmz-DOgGBDc แบบทดสอบไวยากรณ์ภาษาอังกฤษระดับความยากปานกลาง ชุดที่ 10 ออกแบบมาเพื่อทดสอบความรู้และทักษะด้านไวยากรณ์ของคุณ โดยมีคำถาม 10 ข้อ พร้อมเฉลยและอธิบายคำตอบเป็นภาษาไทย #englishgrammar #grammartest #learnenglish

ประธานาธิบดี วลาดิมีร์ ปูติน ของรัสเซีย และประธานาธิบดี เรเจป ทายิป แอร์โดอัน ของตุรกี พูดคุยทางโทรศัพท์และหารือถึงแนวทางในการปรับปรุงประสิทธิภาพของการค้าทวิภาคีและความร่วมมือทางเศรษฐกิจ, โดยเครมลินระบุในแถลงการณ์: . Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan spoke by phone and discussed ways to improve efficiency of bilateral trade and economic cooperation, the Kremlin said in a statement: https://tass.com/politics/1876907 . 11:12 PM · Nov 24, 2024 · 3,392 Views https://x.com/tassagency_en/status/1860718030235287833

ประธานาธิบดี เรเจป ทายิป แอร์โดอัน ของตุรกี กล่าวว่า รัสเซียมีสิทธิ์ทุกประการที่จะปกป้องตัวเอง, โดยแสดงความคิดเห็นเกี่ยวกับหลักคำสอนด้านนิวเคลียร์ที่ปรับปรุงใหม่ของรัสเซีย: . Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan says Russia has every right to protect itself, commenting on Russia’s updated nuclear doctrine: https://tass.com/world/1874889 . 3:13 AM · Nov 20, 2024 · 2,370 Views https://x.com/tassagency_en/status/1858966871133090229

โดนัลด์ ทรัมป์ ตกรางวัล อีลอน มัสก์ แต่งตั้งคุมกระทรวงใหม่ที่รับผิดชอบการปฏิรูปรัฐบาลให้มีประสิทธิภาพ พร้อมทั้งเสนอชื่อ พีท เฮกเซธ ผู้ดำเนินรายการของทีวีฟ็อกซ์ นิวส์และอดีตทหารผ่านศึก เป็นรัฐมนตรีกลาโหม ดันแผนล้างบางนายพลสายก้าวหน้าและ “ผู้ทรยศ” ในเพนตากอน . มัสก์ และ วิเวก รามาสวามี อดีตผู้สมัครเพื่อเป็นตัวแทนรีพับลิกันลงเลือกตั้งประธานาธิบดีสหรัฐฯ ที่ภายหลังถอนตัวและหันมาสนับสนุนทรัมป์ จะร่วมกันคุมกระทรวงใหม่ที่มีชื่อว่ากระทรวงประสิทธิภาพรัฐบาลแห่งนี้ โดยมุ่งตัดขั้นตอนระเบียบราชการตลอดจนกฎระเบียบที่ไม่จำเป็น ตลอดจนลดเลิกการใช้จ่ายที่สูญเปล่า และปรับโครงสร้างหน่วยงานของรัฐบาลกลาง . ทรัมป์ ว่าที่ประธานาธิบดีคนใหม่ของอเมริกา ประกาศเมื่อวันอังคาร (12 พ.ย) ว่า หน่วยงานใหม่นี้จะทำให้ฝันของพรรครีพับลิกันเป็นจริง รวมทั้งจะเสนอคำแนะนำและแนวทางจากภายนอกรัฐบาล เป็นการส่งสัญญาณว่า บทบาทของมัสก์และรามาสวามีจะอยู่ในลักษณะไม่เป็นทางการ จึงไม่จำเป็นต้องได้รับอนุมัติจากวุฒิสภาเสียก่อน นอกจากนั้นมัสก์ยังสามารถเป็นซีอีโอเทสลา, เอ็กซ์ และสเปซเอ็กซ์ ต่อไปตามปกติ . กระทรวงใหม่นี้จะทำงานร่วมกับทำเนียบขาวและสำนักบริหารงบประมาณ เพื่อขับเคลื่อนการปรับโครงสร้างและสร้างแนวทางแบบผู้ประกอบการเพื่อทำให้เกิดรัฐบาลแบบที่ไม่เคยเห็นกันมาก่อน โดยที่ภารกิจนี้จะต้องลุล่วงภายในวันที่ 4 ก.ค. 2026 ซึ่งเป็นวันครบรอบ 250 ปีการลงนามคำประกาศอิสรภาพของอเมริกา . คาดกันว่า ความเคลื่อนไหวนี้จะส่งให้ธุรกิจของมัสก์ที่นิตยสารฟอร์บส์ยกให้เป็นบุคคลที่รวยที่สุดในโลกและได้ประโยชน์อย่างชัดเจนจากชัยชนะในการเลือกตั้งของทรัมป์ ได้รับการปฏิบัติอย่างเป็นพิเศษจากรัฐบาล รวมทั้งจะมีมูลค่าตลาดเพิ่มขึ้น รวมทั้งส่งผลดีต่อพวกธุรกิจที่เกี่ยวข้อง เช่น ปัญญาประดิษฐ์ (เอไอ) และคริปโต . ในการรณรงค์หาเสียงเป็นประธานาธิบดีของทรัมป์รอบนี้ มีรายงานว่ามัสก์ทุ่มเงินสนับสนุนรวมแล้วเกินหลัก 100 ล้านดอลลาร์ นอกจากนั้นเขายังตระเวนช่วยทรัมป์ปราศรัยหาเสียงอีกด้วย . สำหรับภารกิจใหม่ที่ทรัมป์อวดอ้างว่า จะมีประสิทธิภาพเทียบเท่า “แมนฮัตตันโปรเจ็กต์” ซึ่งก็คือโครงการพัฒนาระเบิดปรมาณูเมื่อครั้งสงครามโลกครั้งที่ 2 นั้น มัสก์สัญญาจะดำเนินการด้วยความโปร่งใสที่สุด โดยจะรายงานการดำเนินการทั้งหมดทางออนไลน์ พร้อมเชิญชวนประชาชนร่วมให้ข้อเสนอแนะบนแพลตฟอร์มเอ็กซ์ . ระหว่างปราศรัยช่วยทรัมป์หาเสียงที่ เมดิสันสแควร์การ์เด้น นครนิวยอร์ก เมื่อเดือนที่แล้ว มัสก์ระบุว่า งบประมาณของรัฐบาลกลางควรต้องลดลงอย่างน้อย 2 ล้านล้านดอลลาร์ ขณะที่สำนักงบประมาณรัฐสภาประเมินว่า เฉพาะปีงบประมาณปัจจุบันรัฐบาลมีค่าใช้จ่ายที่ไม่จำเป็น ซึ่งรวมถึงการใช้จ่ายทางทหาร รวม 1.9 ล้านล้านดอลลาร์จากค่าใช้จ่ายทั้งหมดของรัฐบาลกลาง 6.75 ล้านล้านดอลลาร์ . นอกจากนั้นชื่อย่อของกระทรวงใหม่คือ DOGE ยังพาดพิงถึงชื่อโดชคอยน์ ซึ่งเป็นคริปโตที่มัสก์สนับสนุน และราคาของมันก็ทะยานขึ้นเกินเท่าตัวนับจากวันเลือกตั้งตามกระแสการคาดหวังในตลาดคริปโตว่า คณะบริหารของทรัมป์จะผ่อนคลายกฎระเบียบในอุตสาหกรรมนี้ . สำหรับรามาสวามี เป็นผู้ก่อตั้งบริษัทยา และปี 2021 เคยออกหนังสือ “โวค อิงก์” ติเตียนการตัดสินใจของบริษัทใหญ่บางแห่งที่กำหนดกลยุทธ์ธุรกิจโดยอิงกับข้อกังวลเกี่ยวกับความยุติธรรมทางสังคมและการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ . นอกจากมัสก์และรามาสวามีแล้ว เมื่อคืนวันอังคารทรัมป์ยังเสนอชื่อ พีท เฮกเซธ ผู้ดำเนินรายการของ ฟ็อกซ์ นิวส์ เครือข่ายทีวีอนุรักษ์นิยมสุดขั้ว เป็นรัฐมนตรีกระทรวงกลาโหม (เพนตากอน) , จอห์น แรตคลิฟฟ์ อดีตผู้อำนวยการหน่วยข่าวกรองแห่งชาติในรัฐบาลทรัมป์ 1.0 เป็นผู้อำนวยการสำนักงานข่าวกรองกลาง (ซีไอเอ), คริสตี โนเอ็ม ผู้ว่าการรัฐเซาธ์ดาโกตา เป็นรัฐมนตรีกระทรวงความมั่นคงแห่งมาตุภูมิ, สตีเฟน มิลเลอร์ ผู้เขียนนโยบายผู้อพยพที่มุ่งแบนมุสลิมของทรัมป์ เป็นรองประธานเจ้าหน้าที่ทำงานทำเนียบขาว และไมค์ ฮักคาบี อดีตผู้ว่าการรัฐอาร์คันซอส์ เป็นเอกอัครราชทูตประจำอิสราเอล . อย่างไรก็ตาม เฮกเซธ ดูจะเป็นตัวเลือกที่เซอร์ไพรส์ที่สุดในบรรดาสมาชิกคณะบริหารที่ทรัมป์ประกาศออกมาจนถึงขณะนี้ รวมทั้งยังเรียกเสียงประณามจากฝ่ายตรงข้ามบางคน เช่น อดัม สมิธ สมาชิกสภาผู้แทนราษฎรจากเดโมแครต ที่วิจารณ์ว่า ตำแหน่งรัฐมนตรีกลาโหมไม่ใช่งานสำหรับพวกมือใหม่ . ทว่า ทรัมป์ยกย่องเฮกเซธ วัย 44 ปี อดีตทหารผ่านศึกสังกัดกองทหารรักษาดินแดน (เนชั่นแนลการ์ด) ที่เคยไปประจำการในอัฟกานิสถาน อิรัก และกวนตานาโม ว่า เป็นคนทรหด ฉลาด และเชื่อมั่นในนโยบายอเมริกาต้องมาก่อนอย่างแท้จริง และสำทับว่า เฮกเซธจะทำให้กองทัพอเมริกันกลับมายิ่งใหญ่อีกครั้ง . คาดหมายกันว่า หากได้รับการรับรองจากวุฒิสมาชิก เฮกเซธจะเป็นอาวุธชั้นดีในการกำจัดบรรดานายพลที่ทรัมป์กล่าวหาว่า ปฏิบัติตามนโยบายเชิงก้าวหน้าด้านความหลากหลายในกองทัพ เป็นต้นว่า การยอมรับชาวเกย์ ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งที่พวกอนุรักษนิยมคัดค้าน รวมทั้งยังอาจปะทะกับพลอากาศเอกซี.คิว. บราวน์ ประธานคณะเสนาธิการร่วมของสหรัฐฯคนปัจจุบัน ที่เฮกเซธกล่าวหาว่า รับนโยบายมาจากนักการเมืองฝ่ายซ้าย . ทั้งนี้ ภายในเพนตากอนกำลังกังวลว่า ทรัมป์ต้องการขุดรากถอนโคนนายทหารและข้าราชการพลเรือนที่เขามองว่าทรยศต่อตัวเขา โดยเมื่อเดือนมิถุนายน เขาให้สัมภาษณ์ฟ็อกซ์นิวส์ว่า จะไล่นายพลที่ “ตื่นรู้” ซึ่งหมายถึงผู้ที่พุ่งความสนใจที่ความยุติธรรมด้านเชื้อชาติและสังคม ทว่า คำนี้ถูกพวกอนุรักษนิยมนำมาใช้เพื่อใส่ร้ายนโยบายเชิงก้าวหน้า . นอกจากนั้นเฮกเซธยังโจมตีชาติพันธมิตรในองค์การสนธิสัญญาแอตแลนติกเหนือ (นาโต) ว่าอ่อนแอ รวมทั้งชี้ว่า จีนกำลังจะครอบงำประเทศเพื่อนบ้านในเอเชีย . อ่านเพิ่มเติม..https://sondhitalk.com/detail/9670000109487 .............. Sondhi X

Elon Musk ประกาศว่า Donald Trump แต่งตั้งเขาและ Vivek Ramaswamy นักธุรกิจชาวอเมริกันเชื้อสายอินเดีย ผู้ก่อตั้งบริษัทยา Roivant Sciences เป็นผู้นำ (ร่วม) ของ Department of Government Efficiency (ตัวย่อ DOGE) หน่วยงานที่รัฐบาล Trump เตรียมตั้งขึ้นมาใหม่เพื่อปฏิรูปหน่วยงานภาครัฐของสหรัฐอเมริกาให้มีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้นการตั้ง Elon เป็นผู้นำของ Department of Government Efficiency ไม่ใช่เรื่องใหม่ เพราะเป็นสิ่งที่ Trump เคยประกาศไว้เมื่อเดือนกันยายน ว่าหากเขาชนะเลือกตั้งจะเดินหน้าทำสิ่งนี้ตอนนี้ยังมีข้อมูลเพียงว่า Department of Government Efficiency จะเป็นหน่วยงานนอกรัฐบาล (outside of Government) และจะทำงานร่วมกับหน่วยงานด้านงบประมาณของทำเนียบขาว เพื่อแนะนำแนวทางการปฏิรูปโครงสร้างระบบราชการให้เล็กลง มีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้น งานนี้เป็นงานชั่วคราวที่จะเสร็จสิ้นภายใน 4 กรกฎาคม 2026 ซึ่งเป็นวันฉลอง 250 ปีการประกาศเอกราชของสหรัฐอเมริกา

Elon Musk ประกาศว่า Donald Trump แต่งตั้งเขาและ Vivek Ramaswamy นักธุรกิจชาวอเมริกันเชื้อสายอินเดีย ผู้ก่อตั้งบริษัทยา Roivant Sciences เป็นผู้นำ (ร่วม) ของ Department of Government Efficiency (ตัวย่อ DOGE) หน่วยงานที่รัฐบาล Trump เตรียมตั้งขึ้นมาใหม่เพื่อปฏิรูปหน่วยงานภาครัฐของสหรัฐอเมริกาให้มีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้นการตั้ง Elon เป็นผู้นำของ Department of Government Efficiency ไม่ใช่เรื่องใหม่ เพราะเป็นสิ่งที่ Trump เคยประกาศไว้เมื่อเดือนกันยายน ว่าหากเขาชนะเลือกตั้งจะเดินหน้าทำสิ่งนี้ตอนนี้ยังมีข้อมูลเพียงว่า Department of Government Efficiency จะเป็นหน่วยงานนอกรัฐบาล (outside of Government) และจะทำงานร่วมกับหน่วยงานด้านงบประมาณของทำเนียบขาว เพื่อแนะนำแนวทางการปฏิรูปโครงสร้างระบบราชการให้เล็กลง มีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้น งานนี้เป็นงานชั่วคราวที่จะเสร็จสิ้นภายใน 4 กรกฎาคม 2026 ซึ่งเป็นวันฉลอง 250 ปีการประกาศเอกราชของสหรัฐอเมริกา

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ภาพ "dog drone" ของกองทัพจีน ถูกนำมาแสดงที่เมืองจูไห่ (Zhuhai) ในครั้งนี้ด้วยเช่นกัน