• #āđ€āļ—āļĢāļ™āļĄāļēāđāļĢāļ‡āļ§āļąāļ™āļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļ 4 āļ„āļ·āļ­ āļ”āļīāļ™ āļ™āđ‰āļģ āđ„āļŸ āđāļĨāļ°āļĨāļĄ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ”āļīāļ™āļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āđāļ‚āđ‡āļ‡āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āđˆāļ­āļ™ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ° āđ„āļŦāļĨāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļāļēāļ°āļāļļāļĄ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāđ„āļŸāļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āļĢāđ‰āļ­āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļĒāđ‡āļ™ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļĨāļĄāļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āđ€āļ„āļĨāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ™āđ„āļŦāļ§āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ„āļĢāđˆāļ‡āļ•āļķāļ‡ āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļāļīāļšāļąāļ•āļīāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļ™āđƒāļ™āļ—āļēāļ‡āļžāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāļ—āļ˜āļĻāļēāļŠāļ™āļēāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡ 4 āļ™āļĩāđ‰ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļŠāļ•āļīāļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļ§āđˆāļē āļĢāđˆāļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĒāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđˆāļŠāļąāļ•āļ§āđŒ āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨ āđ€āļĢāļē āđ€āļ‚āļē āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļ‡āđāļ•āđˆāļ˜āļēāļ•āļļ āļ”āļīāļ™ āļ™āđ‰āļģ āđ„āļŸ āļĨāļĄāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„āđāļ—āđ‰ 100 %...#telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ āļ· #āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡āļŠāļĩāđˆ
    #āđ€āļ—āļĢāļ™āļĄāļēāđāļĢāļ‡āļ§āļąāļ™āļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļ 4 āļ„āļ·āļ­ āļ”āļīāļ™ āļ™āđ‰āļģ āđ„āļŸ āđāļĨāļ°āļĨāļĄ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ”āļīāļ™āļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āđāļ‚āđ‡āļ‡āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āđˆāļ­āļ™ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ° āđ„āļŦāļĨāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļāļēāļ°āļāļļāļĄ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāđ„āļŸāļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āļĢāđ‰āļ­āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļĒāđ‡āļ™ āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļĨāļĄāļĄāļĩāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āđ€āļ„āļĨāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ™āđ„āļŦāļ§āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ„āļĢāđˆāļ‡āļ•āļķāļ‡ āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļāļīāļšāļąāļ•āļīāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļ™āđƒāļ™āļ—āļēāļ‡āļžāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāļ—āļ˜āļĻāļēāļŠāļ™āļēāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡ 4 āļ™āļĩāđ‰ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļŠāļ•āļīāļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļ§āđˆāļē āļĢāđˆāļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĒāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđˆāļŠāļąāļ•āļ§āđŒ āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨ āđ€āļĢāļē āđ€āļ‚āļē āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļ‡āđāļ•āđˆāļ˜āļēāļ•āļļ āļ”āļīāļ™ āļ™āđ‰āļģ āđ„āļŸ āļĨāļĄāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„āđāļ—āđ‰ 100 %...#telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ āļ· #āļ˜āļēāļ•āļļāļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡āļŠāļĩāđˆ
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  • ðŸŒēāđƒāļāļĨāđ‰āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨāļ„āļĢāļīāļŠāļ•āđŒāļĄāļēāļŠāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āļ„āļīāļ”āļŦāļēāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĒāļąāļ‡ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āļąāļ§āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŦāļ™āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ„āļŦāļĄðŸŒē☃ïļ āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļĄāļĩāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļĒāļąāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ†āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢ ☃ïļðŸŒē āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ° āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 % āļ›āļĨāļ­āļ”āļ āļąāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ”āļĩāļ•āđˆāļ­āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļž āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ ðŸŒē🎁 āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™āļĄāļĩāļšāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŦāđˆāļ­āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļŸāļĢāļĩ ! āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ™āļ° 🎁#telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
    ðŸŒēāđƒāļāļĨāđ‰āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨāļ„āļĢāļīāļŠāļ•āđŒāļĄāļēāļŠāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āļ„āļīāļ”āļŦāļēāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĒāļąāļ‡ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āļąāļ§āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŦāļ™āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ„āļŦāļĄðŸŒē☃ïļ āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļĄāļĩāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļĒāļąāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ†āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢ ☃ïļðŸŒē āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ° āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 % āļ›āļĨāļ­āļ”āļ āļąāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ”āļĩāļ•āđˆāļ­āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļž āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ ðŸŒē🎁 āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™āļĄāļĩāļšāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŦāđˆāļ­āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļŸāļĢāļĩ ! āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ™āļ° 🎁#telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
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  • ðŸŒēāđƒāļāļĨāđ‰āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨāļ„āļĢāļīāļŠāļ•āđŒāļĄāļēāļŠāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āļ„āļīāļ”āļŦāļēāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĒāļąāļ‡ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āļąāļ§āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŦāļ™āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ„āļŦāļĄðŸŒē

    ☃ïļ āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļĄāļĩāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļĒāļąāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ†āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢ ☃ïļ

    ðŸŒē āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ° āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 % āļ›āļĨāļ­āļ”āļ āļąāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ”āļĩāļ•āđˆāļ­āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļž āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ ðŸŒē

    🎁 āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™āļĄāļĩāļšāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŦāđˆāļ­āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļŸāļĢāļĩ ! āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ™āļ° 🎁

    #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
    ðŸŒēāđƒāļāļĨāđ‰āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨāļ„āļĢāļīāļŠāļ•āđŒāļĄāļēāļŠāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āļ„āļīāļ”āļŦāļēāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĒāļąāļ‡ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āļąāļ§āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŦāļ™āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ„āļŦāļĄðŸŒē ☃ïļ āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļĄāļĩāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļĒāļąāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ†āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢ ☃ïļ ðŸŒē āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āđāļĨāļ° āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 % āļ›āļĨāļ­āļ”āļ āļąāļĒ āđāļĨāļ°āļ”āļĩāļ•āđˆāļ­āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļž āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ ðŸŒē 🎁 āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™āļĄāļĩāļšāļĢāļīāļāļēāļĢāļŦāđˆāļ­āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļŸāļĢāļĩ ! āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ™āļ° 🎁 #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
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  • My garden #viral
    My garden #viral
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  • âĪïļ āļˆāļ°āđƒāļŠāđ‰āļāļąāļšāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ Diffuser āđāļšāļšāđ„āļŦāļ™ āļĢāļļāđˆāļ™āđ„āļŦāļ™ āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļŦāļĄāļ” āļ–āđ‰āļēāļĄāļĩ Organic Essential oil āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 % âĪïļ

    💞 āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100% āļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđˆāļē 60 āļŠāļ™āļīāļ” āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļ­āļš āđāļĨāļ°āđ‚āļ”āļ™āđƒāļˆāļĄāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļļāļ” 💞

    💖 āđƒāļ„āļĢāļĒāļąāļ‡āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļ„āļĒāļĨāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ—āļŠāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™ āļĨāļ­āļ‡āļ”āļđāļ„āļ° āļĢāļąāļšāļĢāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ—āļŠāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āļˆāļ°āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ™āļŠāļ­āļšāļāļąāļšāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āđāļ™āđˆāļ™āļ­āļ™ 💖

    #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
    âĪïļ āļˆāļ°āđƒāļŠāđ‰āļāļąāļšāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ Diffuser āđāļšāļšāđ„āļŦāļ™ āļĢāļļāđˆāļ™āđ„āļŦāļ™ āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļŦāļĄāļ” āļ–āđ‰āļēāļĄāļĩ Organic Essential oil āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 % âĪïļ 💞 āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100% āļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđˆāļē 60 āļŠāļ™āļīāļ” āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāļŠāļĢāļĢāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļ­āļš āđāļĨāļ°āđ‚āļ”āļ™āđƒāļˆāļĄāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļļāļ” 💞 💖 āđƒāļ„āļĢāļĒāļąāļ‡āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļ„āļĒāļĨāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ—āļŠāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™ āļĨāļ­āļ‡āļ”āļđāļ„āļ° āļĢāļąāļšāļĢāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ—āļŠāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āļˆāļ°āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ™āļŠāļ­āļšāļāļąāļšāļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āđāļ™āđˆāļ™āļ­āļ™ 💖 #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
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  • 😍 āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļŸāļĢāļĩ!!!!

    ....āđƒāļŠāđˆāļˆāđ‰āļē āļ­āđˆāļēāļ™āđ„āļĄāđˆāļœāļīāļ” āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļŸāļĢāļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ™āļĩāđˆ āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āļāļąāļš āļ„āļĨāļēāļŠāļœāļŠāļĄāļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļ­āļĄāļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļœāļđāđ‰āđ€āļŠāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļŠāļēāļāļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļ­āđ‚āļĢāļĄāđˆāļēāđ€āļ˜āļ­āļĢāļēāļžāļĩ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆāļšāļˆāļēāļāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ™āļīāļ§āļĒāļ­āļĢāđŒāļ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļœāļđāđ‰āļŠāļ­āļ™...

    ...āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­āļŠāļąāđˆāļ‡āļ‹āļ·āđ‰āļ­āļŠāļīāļ™āļ„āđ‰āļēāļ„āļĢāļš 5,000 āļšāļēāļ— āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļĄāļēāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļŸāļĢāļĩāđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ€āļĨāļĒ āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļˆāļšāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āļĒāļąāļ‡āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĒāļ­āļ”āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ‚āļēāļĒāđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ€āļĨāļĒāļˆāđ‰āļē...

    ...āđ€āļ‰āļžāļēāļ°āđ€āļ”āļ·āļ­āļ™āļžāļĪāļĻāļˆāļīāļāļēāļĒāļ™āļ™āļĩāđ‰āļ™āļ° āđƒāļāļĨāđ‰āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨāļ›āļĩāđƒāļŦāļĄāđˆ āļ„āļīāļ”āđ„āļĄāđˆāļ­āļ­āļāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ§āļąāļ āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļ­āļĄāđāļ—āļ™āđƒāļˆāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļāļąāļšāļœāļđāđ‰āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļĢāļēāļĢāļąāļāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ™āđˆāļ°āļˆāđŠāļ°...

    ..LINE : @telvada

    ..āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„āđāļ—āđ‰ 100 %...

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  • If Yuo’re Albe To Raed Tihs, You Might Have Typoglycemia

    Ever heard of typoglycemia? Even if you haven’t, chances are you’ll recognize one of the viral puzzles that explains this phenomenon. Starting around 2003, an email circulated through what seems like every inbox claiming that scrambled English words are just as easy to read as the original words.

    However, as cool as the original email was, it didn’t actually tell the whole truth. There’s more to scrambled words than meets the eye.

    What is typoglycemia?

    That viral email tested our ability to read scrambled words. Here’s what it looks like:

    Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.

    Could you read it? Even with a mistake in this viral email (rscheearch cannot spell researcher), the truth is pretty much every fluent English-speaker can read and understand it.

    The word-scrambling phenomenon has a punny name: typoglycemia, playing mischievously with typo and glycemia, the condition of having low blood sugar. Typoglycemia is the ability to read a paragraph like the one above despite the jumbled words.

    Is typoglycemia real or a trick?

    Does it take you nanoseconds to solve the Word Jumble in the newspaper? No? While your brain can breeze through some word-scrambles, it’s more complicated than that click-bait email suggests.

    Matt Davis, a researcher at the MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit at Cambridge University, will help us sort it out. Here’s what they believe the email got right: unless you have a rare brain disorder, people read words as whole units, not letter-by-letter. That’s one of the factors explaining why we can “magically” read the message.

    But here’s where Davis reminds us why the daily Word Jumble still manages to scramble our brains for breakfast. That trending email led us to believe all we need is for “the first and last letters to be in the right place” and nothing else matters. Actually a lot else matters.

    What makes a scrambled word easier to read?

    Here are some other factors a jumbled passage needs in order for everyone to easily read it:

    1. The words need to be relatively short.
    2. Function words (be, the, a, and other words that provide grammatical structure) can’t be messed up, otherwise the reader struggles.
    3. Switching (or transposing) the letters makes a big difference. Letters beside each other in a word can be switched without much difficulty for the reader to understand. When letters farther apart are switched, it’s harder. Take porbelm vs. pelborm (for “problem”).
    4. We understand scrambled words better when their sounds are preserved: toatl vs. talot (for “total”).
    5. Here’s a big one: the passage is readable because it’s predictable (especially because we’ve seen it so many times)!

    Other factors play into it as well, like preserving double letters. For example, in the word according, the scrambled email keeps the cc intact (“aoccdrnig”). Double letters are contextual markers that give good hints. But we could also scramble it up this way: “ancdircog.” Breaking up the cc makes it harder, right?

    All told, we’re code-making machines (we speak the code of English) and we’re wired to find meaning out of nonsense, in part by looking at contextual cues. However the codes can only be scrambled to a certain degree before we get lost.

    Try these two (tougher) word puzzles

    Try your hand at two hard-scrambled passages below which prove your brain needs more than just the first and last letters of a scrambled word to read it quickly.

    With these, you’ll see why our brains can only handle typoglycemia to a point. The answers at the bottom; try not to cheat!

    1. A dootcr has aimttded the magltheuansr of a tageene ceacnr pintaet who deid aetfr a hatospil durg blendur.
    2. In the Vcraiiton are, a levloy eamlred geren, pirlaalty frmoueltad form asirnec, was uesd in fcaibrs and ppaluor falrol hresesdeads.

    The first example is from that blog post by Matt Davis. The second is our re-scrambling of a fascinating Jezebel lead. And they’re not easy! Research shows that typos definitely interfere with reading speed. (There’s a reason we have spell-checkers!) Tricky jumble puzzles that can take hours to complete also prove that, in the end, letter order and spelling absolutely make or break our comprehension of a word.

    Ready for the answers?

    1. A doctor has admitted the manslaughter of a teenage cancer patient who died after a hospital drug blunder.
    2. In the Victorian era, a lovely emerald green, partially formulated from arsenic, was used in fabrics and popular floral headdresses.

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    If Yuo’re Albe To Raed Tihs, You Might Have Typoglycemia Ever heard of typoglycemia? Even if you haven’t, chances are you’ll recognize one of the viral puzzles that explains this phenomenon. Starting around 2003, an email circulated through what seems like every inbox claiming that scrambled English words are just as easy to read as the original words. However, as cool as the original email was, it didn’t actually tell the whole truth. There’s more to scrambled words than meets the eye. What is typoglycemia? That viral email tested our ability to read scrambled words. Here’s what it looks like: Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Could you read it? Even with a mistake in this viral email (rscheearch cannot spell researcher), the truth is pretty much every fluent English-speaker can read and understand it. The word-scrambling phenomenon has a punny name: typoglycemia, playing mischievously with typo and glycemia, the condition of having low blood sugar. Typoglycemia is the ability to read a paragraph like the one above despite the jumbled words. Is typoglycemia real or a trick? Does it take you nanoseconds to solve the Word Jumble in the newspaper? No? While your brain can breeze through some word-scrambles, it’s more complicated than that click-bait email suggests. Matt Davis, a researcher at the MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit at Cambridge University, will help us sort it out. Here’s what they believe the email got right: unless you have a rare brain disorder, people read words as whole units, not letter-by-letter. That’s one of the factors explaining why we can “magically” read the message. But here’s where Davis reminds us why the daily Word Jumble still manages to scramble our brains for breakfast. That trending email led us to believe all we need is for “the first and last letters to be in the right place” and nothing else matters. Actually a lot else matters. What makes a scrambled word easier to read? Here are some other factors a jumbled passage needs in order for everyone to easily read it: 1. The words need to be relatively short. 2. Function words (be, the, a, and other words that provide grammatical structure) can’t be messed up, otherwise the reader struggles. 3. Switching (or transposing) the letters makes a big difference. Letters beside each other in a word can be switched without much difficulty for the reader to understand. When letters farther apart are switched, it’s harder. Take porbelm vs. pelborm (for “problem”). 4. We understand scrambled words better when their sounds are preserved: toatl vs. talot (for “total”). 5. Here’s a big one: the passage is readable because it’s predictable (especially because we’ve seen it so many times)! Other factors play into it as well, like preserving double letters. For example, in the word according, the scrambled email keeps the cc intact (“aoccdrnig”). Double letters are contextual markers that give good hints. But we could also scramble it up this way: “ancdircog.” Breaking up the cc makes it harder, right? All told, we’re code-making machines (we speak the code of English) and we’re wired to find meaning out of nonsense, in part by looking at contextual cues. However the codes can only be scrambled to a certain degree before we get lost. Try these two (tougher) word puzzles Try your hand at two hard-scrambled passages below which prove your brain needs more than just the first and last letters of a scrambled word to read it quickly. With these, you’ll see why our brains can only handle typoglycemia to a point. The answers at the bottom; try not to cheat! 1. A dootcr has aimttded the magltheuansr of a tageene ceacnr pintaet who deid aetfr a hatospil durg blendur. 2. In the Vcraiiton are, a levloy eamlred geren, pirlaalty frmoueltad form asirnec, was uesd in fcaibrs and ppaluor falrol hresesdeads. The first example is from that blog post by Matt Davis. The second is our re-scrambling of a fascinating Jezebel lead. And they’re not easy! Research shows that typos definitely interfere with reading speed. (There’s a reason we have spell-checkers!) Tricky jumble puzzles that can take hours to complete also prove that, in the end, letter order and spelling absolutely make or break our comprehension of a word. Ready for the answers? 1. A doctor has admitted the manslaughter of a teenage cancer patient who died after a hospital drug blunder. 2. In the Victorian era, a lovely emerald green, partially formulated from arsenic, was used in fabrics and popular floral headdresses. Copyright 2024, XAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.
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  • āđ„āļŦāļ™āļ§āđˆāļēāļˆāļ°āđ„āļĄāđˆāļŦāļĨāļ­āļāļāļąāļ™ āļ‹āļĩāļĨāļĩāđˆāļŸāļđāļĨ (cover āđ‚āļ”āļĒ Ant man) #viralvideo #coversong
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    .. Castor Carrie oil.. ...āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§āļĨāļ°āļŦāļļāđˆāļ‡ āļĄāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢāļžāļ„āļļāļ“āļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ.. • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļĨāļ”āļŠāļīāļ§ āļœāļīāļ§āđāļŦāđ‰āļ‡āļ—āļģāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļœāļīāļ§āļ™āļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļ·āđˆāļ™āļ‚āļķāđ‰āļ™ āļŠāļĩāļœāļīāļ§āđ„āļĄāđˆāļŠāļĄāđˆāļģāđ€āļŠāļĄāļ­ āļ—āļģāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļœāļīāļ§āļ­āļīāđˆāļĄāļ™āđ‰āļģ āđƒāļŠāđ‰āļĨāđ‰āļēāļ‡āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļŠāļģāļ­āļēāļ‡āļ„āđŒ • āļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļąāļāđ€āļŠāļšāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļœāļīāļ§ āļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļˆāļļāļĨāļŠāļĩāļž āļ›āļāļ›āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļœāļīāļ§āļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļ•āļīāļ”āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđāļšāļ„āļ—āļĩāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āđ€āļŠāđ‰āļ™āļœāļĄ āļœāļĄāđāļ•āļāļ›āļĨāļēāļĒ āļœāļĄāļŦāļĨāļļāļ”āļĢāđˆāļ§āļ‡ āļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļĒāļąāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāđ‰āļ™āļœāļĄāđ€āļāļīāļ”āļ‚āļķāđ‰āļ™āđƒāļŦāļĄāđˆ ..āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļšāļģāļĢāļļāļ‡āļœāļīāļ§āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„āđāļ—āđ‰ 100 %... #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
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  • #āđ€āļ—āļĢāļ™āļ”āđŒāļ§āļąāļ™āļ™āļĩāđ‰
    ðŸĪ” ..āļ—āļēāļĒāļ‹āļī..āļ„āļ·āļ­?.. ðŸĪ”

    ...āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđˆāļŠāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģ āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđˆāļ•āļĨāļąāļšāļŠāļĩāđ€āļžāļ™āļ—āđŒ....

    ...āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ™āļĩāđ‰..āļ„āļ·āļ­.. āļ„āļĢāļĩāļĄāļāļąāļ™āđāļ”āļ”... āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļĢāļĩāļĄāļāļąāļ™āđāļ”āļ”āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļŠāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢ āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļ­āļāļ­āļĩāđ€āļ§āđ‰āļ™āļ—āđŒ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ—āļ°āđ€āļĨ āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™āļāđ‡āļˆāļąāļ”āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļĨāļĒāļ„āđˆāļ° āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ—āļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāļīāļ§āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ€āļĨāļĒ āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ­āļąāļ™āļ•āļĢāļēāļĒ āđāļ•āđˆāļĒāļąāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ›āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļ™āđāļŠāļ‡āđāļ”āļ”āļĒāļđāļ§āļĩāđ„āļ”āđ‰ āļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļœāļīāļ§āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ­āļĩāļāļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒ

    #āđ‰telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ #āļ„āļĢāļĩāļĄāļāļąāļ™āđāļ”āļ” #thaitimes
    #āđ€āļ—āļĢāļ™āļ”āđŒāļ§āļąāļ™āļ™āļĩāđ‰ ðŸĪ” ..āļ—āļēāļĒāļ‹āļī..āļ„āļ·āļ­?.. ðŸĪ” ...āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđˆāļŠāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģ āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđˆāļ•āļĨāļąāļšāļŠāļĩāđ€āļžāļ™āļ—āđŒ.... ...āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ™āļĩāđ‰..āļ„āļ·āļ­.. āļ„āļĢāļĩāļĄāļāļąāļ™āđāļ”āļ”... āļĨāļđāļāļ„āđ‰āļēāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļĢāļĩāļĄāļāļąāļ™āđāļ”āļ”āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļŠāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢ āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļ­āļāļ­āļĩāđ€āļ§āđ‰āļ™āļ—āđŒ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ—āļ°āđ€āļĨ āļ—āļēāļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™āļāđ‡āļˆāļąāļ”āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļĨāļĒāļ„āđˆāļ° āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ—āļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāļīāļ§āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ€āļĨāļĒ āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ­āļąāļ™āļ•āļĢāļēāļĒ āđāļ•āđˆāļĒāļąāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ›āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļ™āđāļŠāļ‡āđāļ”āļ”āļĒāļđāļ§āļĩāđ„āļ”āđ‰ āļ­āļĩāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļœāļīāļ§āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ­āļĩāļāļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒ #āđ‰telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ #āļ„āļĢāļĩāļĄāļāļąāļ™āđāļ”āļ” #thaitimes
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  • āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ–āļđāļāļ•āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ„āļģāļ–āļēāļĄāļ§āđˆāļēāļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ•āļĢāļ‡āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ?

    āđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļ›āļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāđˆāļēāļ™āļĄāļē āļ§āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢ āļ­āļēāļ—āļī āđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒ āļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ™ āļˆāļ°āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āļ§āđˆāļē āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđƒāļ”āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢ āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļ§āđˆāļē peer reviewed journal āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āđ„āļ”āđ‰
    āđ€āļžāļĢāļēāļ°āļĄāļĩāļ„āļ“āļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āđˆāļēāļ™ āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄ āđāļĨāļ°āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļēāļāļĢāļ°āļšāļ§āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļˆāļ°āļ—āļģāļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļ§āđˆāļē āļˆāļ°āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĢāļąāļš āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļĢāļąāļš āđāļ•āđˆāļĄāļĩāđ€āļ‡āļ·āđˆāļ­āļ™āđ„āļ‚ āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ”āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āđ„āļ‚āđƒāļŦāļāđˆ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ€āļĨāđ‡āļ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļ”āļĨāļ­āļ‡āđƒāļŦāļĄāđˆāđƒāļ™āļšāļēāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ
    āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļˆāļ°āļ–āļđāļāļ™āļģāđ„āļ›āļ­āđ‰āļēāļ‡āļ­āļīāļ‡āđƒāļ™āļ§āļ‡āļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ†āļ—āļģāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļąāļ™āļ—āļąāđˆāļ§āđ„āļ›

    āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļŠāđˆāļ‡āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­ āđ„āļ›āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™
    āļœāļđāđ‰āļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļˆāļ°āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻāļ§āđˆāļēāļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāđƒāļ”āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆāļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āđ„āļĢ āļāļąāļš āļšāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ—āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒ āļĒāļē āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ„āđˆāļēāļ•āļ­āļšāđāļ—āļ™āđƒāļ™āļĢāļđāļ›āļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āđƒāļ” āđ„āļĄāđˆāļ§āđˆāļēāļˆāļ°āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļē āļĢāļąāļšāđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļŠāļīāđˆāļ‡āļ•āļ­āļšāđāļ—āļ™ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ„āđˆāļēāđ€āļ”āļīāļ™āļ—āļēāļ‡āļ„āđˆāļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāļžāļąāļ āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāđ„āļ›āļšāļĢāļĢāļĒāļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđ† āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĄāđ‚āļĒāļ‡āļĄāļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ™

    āđāļ•āđˆāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļœāļđāđ‰āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļē āļāļĨāļąāļšāđ„āļĄāđˆāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāđāļˆāļ‡āļĢāļēāļĒāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ­āļĩāļĒāļ”āļŠāļąāļ”āđ€āļˆāļ™ āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļ­āļēāļˆāļĄāļĩāđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļ‡āđāļ•āđˆāļ§āđˆāļē āļĄāļĩāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ”āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ‚āļąāļ”āđāļĒāđ‰āļ‡ āļāļąāļšāļœāļđāđ‰āļŠāđˆāļ‡āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļœāļđāđ‰āļ—āļģāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ—āļģāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāđƒāļ™āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ”āļĩāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļ™ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āļēāļˆāļˆāļ°āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ™āļģāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ”āļąāļ‡āļāļĨāđˆāļēāļ§āđ„āļ›āđƒāļŠāđ‰āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļ•āļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰

    āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļĄāļēāļ„āļĄāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļ­āđ€āļĄāļĢāļīāļāļąāļ™ (journal of American Medical Association JAMA) āļ§āļąāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 10 āļ•āļļāļĨāļēāļ„āļĄ 2024 āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļēāļĒāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ–āļķāļ‡āļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļœāļđāđ‰āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄ (reviewers) āļ§āđˆāļē āđāļ—āđ‰āļˆāļĢāļīāļ‡āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āđ€āļāļīāļ™āļ„āļĢāļķāđˆāļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™āđƒāļ™āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĄāļ·āļ­ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ† āļˆāļēāļāļšāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ—āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĢāļ‡āļĄāļēāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĄāļēāļĒāļąāļ‡āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļ–āļēāļšāļąāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ­āļĒāļđāđˆ

    āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ”āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ„āļģāļ–āļēāļĄāļ–āļķāļ‡ āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ•āļĢāļ‡ integrity āđāļĨāļ° āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĄāļĩāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ•āļĢāļ‡āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļąāļ”āļŠāļīāļ™ āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆāļ°āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĢāļąāļš āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļĢāļąāļšāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāđˆāļ‡āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĄāļē

    āđāļĨāļ°āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āļˆāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āļīāļ”āđ€āļœāļĒāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ”āļąāļ‡āļāļĨāđˆāļēāļ§ āļĄāļĩāļ™āļąāļāļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļ™āļąāļāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒ āļˆāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļŠāļ–āļēāļšāļąāļ™ āđƒāļ™āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđƒāļ™āļŠāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļ­āđ€āļĄāļĢāļīāļāļē āļĒāļļāđ‚āļĢāļ› āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļąāļ‡āļāļĪāļĐ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļ™āđ€āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļšāđāļĨāļ°āļ–āđˆāļēāļĒāļ—āļ­āļ”āđƒāļ™āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ†āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđ€āļ‰āļžāļēāļ°āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļšāđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ‡āđ‚āļ„āļ§āļīāļ”
    āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĨāļ‡āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒ āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļĒāļēāļšāļēāļ‡āļ•āļąāļ§ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§āļ§āđˆāļēāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļœāļĨāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđ†āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĢāļēāļ„āļēāļ–āļđāļ āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰ āđāļĨāļ°āļˆāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡āļ–āļķāļ‡āļ‡āļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđ„āļ›āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§āđāļ•āđˆāļšāļĢāļĢāļ“āļēāļ˜āļīāļāļēāļĢāļ–āļ­āļ”āļ­āļ­āļ āđāļĨāļ° āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļāļāđ‡āļ„āļ·āļ­āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļœāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļšāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ āļ–āļķāļ‡āļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļžāļīāļāļēāļĢ
    āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ–āļđāļāđ€āļ›āļīāļ”āđ€āļœāļĒāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļāđ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ™āļģ āđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™ British Medical journal Lancet New England journal āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ™
    āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĄāļđāļĨāļ„āđˆāļēāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđˆāļē 1,000,000,000 āđ€āļŦāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļŠāļŦāļĢāļąāļ

    āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļŠāļģāđ€āļĢāđ‡āļˆ āđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™ āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļžāļđāļ” āļœāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļšāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™ āļˆāļ°āļĄāļĩāļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āļ­āļāļĄāļēāļ§āļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āđŒāļ§āđˆāļē āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĨāļ‡āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ”āļĩ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđ„āļ›āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§āđāļ•āđˆāļšāļĢāļĢāļ“āļēāļ˜āļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđˆāļ‡āļ–āļ­āļ”āļ­āļ­āļāđāļŠāļ”āļ‡āļ§āđˆāļē āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰

    āđāļĄāđ‰āļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡ āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ„āļĨāđ‰āļēāļĒāļ§āļąāļ§āļšāđ‰āļēāđƒāļ™āļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒāļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āđ‚āļ„āļ§āļīāļ”āđ„āļ›āļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ‡āļŠāļ­āļ‡āļŠāļąāļ›āļ”āļēāļŦāđŒāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŠāļĩāļĒāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļŦāđ‰āļēāđ€āļ”āļ·āļ­āļ™ āļˆāļēāļāļ„āļ“āļ° āļŠāļ­āļ‡Prof Luc Montagnier āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļš āļĢāļēāļ‡āļ§āļąāļĨ āđ‚āļ™āđ€āļšāļĨ āļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļ„āđ‰āļ™āļžāļšāđ„āļ§āļĢāļąāļŠāđ€āļ­āļ”āļŠāđŒ āļ–āļđāļāđ„āļĄāđˆāļĢāļąāļšāļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢ āļˆāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļĢāļ­āļ‡āļĨāļ‡āļĄāļēāđāļĨāļ°āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāđƒāļ™āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ„āļ‡āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ§āđˆāļēāļ™āđˆāļēāļ•āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ€āļ•āđ‰āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāļšāđƒāļˆāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ„āđ‰āļ™āļžāļšāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĄāđ‚āļĒāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļāļīāļ”āđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ„āļĨāđ‰āļēāļĒāļ§āļąāļ§āļšāđ‰āļēāđƒāļ™āļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒāļāļąāļšāļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļŠāļąāļ”āđ€āļˆāļ™

    https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2824834?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email

    āļĻ āļ™āļž āļ˜āļĩāļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ’āļ™āđŒ āđ€āļŦāļĄāļ°āļˆāļļāļ‘āļē
    āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāđāļœāļ™āļ•āļ°āļ§āļąāļ™āļ­āļ­āļ
    āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļąāļ‡āļŠāļīāļ•

    āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­? “āļŦāļĄāļ­āļ˜āļĩāļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ’āļ™āđŒ” āđ€āļœāļĒāļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ”āļąāļ‡āļ›āļĨāđˆāļ­āļĒ āļāļ.āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĢāļąāļšāļœāļĨāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāļˆāļēāļāļšāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ—āļĒāļē https://mgronline.com/qol/detail/9670000100753





    Two years ago, we discussed the lack of evidence supporting the idea that peer review improves the quality of scientific research. 
    Peer review is meant to guarantee the publication of high-quality research and enhance the quality of published manuscripts. The process should involve independent experts evaluating and assessing research for its quality and reliability.
    However, a recent JAMA publication questions the integrity and independence of peer review. The research letter addresses the Payments by Drug and Medical Device Manufacturers to US Peer Reviewers of Major Medical Journals.
    The authors identified peer reviewers for The BMJ, JAMA, The Lancet, and The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) using each journal’s 2022 reviewer list. They then used a US Open payments database to identify whether reviewers had received industry payments.
    What did they find?
    Between 2020 and 2022, 1155/1962 peer reviewers (59%) received at least one industry payment. More than half (54%) accepted general payments, while 32% received research payments.
    Between 2020 and 2022, reviewers received over $1.2 billion in industry payments, including $1 billion to individuals or their institutions. Over the three years, the median general payment was $7,614.  
    What does this mean?
    Journals such as the BMJ pride themselves on their competing interest policy. Readers should know the author's competing interests if they publish an article. They ask reviewers to provide a fair, honest, and unbiased assessment of the manuscript's strengths and weaknesses. But how is that possible if you're on the payroll of pharma?
    Furthermore, no one can identify who is being paid as there is no central database like the US where you can look up who is paying who. The voluntary nature of the system means companies can often conceal payments. For example, the drug industry’s self-regulatory body reprimanded  Novo Nordisk for failing to disclose approximately 500 payments worth £7.8m to over 150 recipients between 2020 and 2022.
    This latest publication further enhances the status of peer review: it is broken.
    A system that dates back over 200 years persists because no one can be bothered to address its shortcomings, and too many journals make hefty profits out of its inadequacies to affect the status quo.
    THE JAMA authors consider that ‘additional research and transparency regarding industry payments in the peer review process are needed.” We think this will be another smokescreen to permit the current system to limp on. 
    Editorial peer reviews are largely untested; their effects are uncertain and tainted by industry influence. The system needs a radical overhaul which starts with abandoning the current journal system that sucks in vast amounts of cash and distorts the research agenda.
    The main reasons for the survival of a broken system are tied to the biomedical publication industry. For editors, peer review is a Kevlar shield, a sloping shoulders device - “it ain’t me guv” cop-out clause. For academic authors who have to climb the greasy pole, it’s a system that works both ways; for industry and all those who have to sell something, it’s a cheap advert chance. You only need to read our Antivirals series to understand how the system works and how the public was sold and continues to sell dummies. Rotten decision-makers only have to point to ghost-written trials in mega journals to justify their decisions.
    You only have to look at our recent Zum Zum posts to see the devastating effects of this broken system. Or look up the Comirnaty series, which was written without data published in journals—it was regulatory data, the closest we are ever going to get to reality.
    This post was written by two old geezers who have been peer-viewed and have peer-reviewed countless times.
    Consider becoming a paid subscriber to receive new posts and support our work.

    October 10, 2024
    Payments by Drug and Medical Device Manufacturers to US Peer Reviewers of Major Medical Journals
    David-Dan Nguyen, MDCM, MPH1,2; Anju Muramaya3,4; Anna-Lisa Nguyen, BHSc5; et al
    āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ–āļđāļāļ•āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ„āļģāļ–āļēāļĄāļ§āđˆāļēāļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ•āļĢāļ‡āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ? āđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļĒāļ°āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļ›āļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāđˆāļēāļ™āļĄāļē āļ§āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢ āļ­āļēāļ—āļī āđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒ āļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ™ āļˆāļ°āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āļ§āđˆāļē āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđƒāļ”āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢ āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļ§āđˆāļē peer reviewed journal āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āđ„āļ”āđ‰ āđ€āļžāļĢāļēāļ°āļĄāļĩāļ„āļ“āļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āđˆāļēāļ™ āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄ āđāļĨāļ°āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļēāļāļĢāļ°āļšāļ§āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļˆāļ°āļ—āļģāļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļ§āđˆāļē āļˆāļ°āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĢāļąāļš āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļĢāļąāļš āđāļ•āđˆāļĄāļĩāđ€āļ‡āļ·āđˆāļ­āļ™āđ„āļ‚ āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ”āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āđ„āļ‚āđƒāļŦāļāđˆ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ€āļĨāđ‡āļ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļ”āļĨāļ­āļ‡āđƒāļŦāļĄāđˆāđƒāļ™āļšāļēāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļˆāļ°āļ–āļđāļāļ™āļģāđ„āļ›āļ­āđ‰āļēāļ‡āļ­āļīāļ‡āđƒāļ™āļ§āļ‡āļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ†āļ—āļģāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļąāļ™āļ—āļąāđˆāļ§āđ„āļ› āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļŠāđˆāļ‡āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­ āđ„āļ›āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™ āļœāļđāđ‰āļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļˆāļ°āļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻāļ§āđˆāļēāļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāđƒāļ”āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆāļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āđ„āļĢ āļāļąāļš āļšāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ—āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒ āļĒāļē āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ„āđˆāļēāļ•āļ­āļšāđāļ—āļ™āđƒāļ™āļĢāļđāļ›āļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āđƒāļ” āđ„āļĄāđˆāļ§āđˆāļēāļˆāļ°āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļē āļĢāļąāļšāđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļŠāļīāđˆāļ‡āļ•āļ­āļšāđāļ—āļ™ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ„āđˆāļēāđ€āļ”āļīāļ™āļ—āļēāļ‡āļ„āđˆāļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāļžāļąāļ āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāđ„āļ›āļšāļĢāļĢāļĒāļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđ† āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĄāđ‚āļĒāļ‡āļĄāļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ™ āđāļ•āđˆāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļœāļđāđ‰āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļē āļāļĨāļąāļšāđ„āļĄāđˆāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāđāļˆāļ‡āļĢāļēāļĒāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ­āļĩāļĒāļ”āļŠāļąāļ”āđ€āļˆāļ™ āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļ­āļēāļˆāļĄāļĩāđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļ‡āđāļ•āđˆāļ§āđˆāļē āļĄāļĩāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ”āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ‚āļąāļ”āđāļĒāđ‰āļ‡ āļāļąāļšāļœāļđāđ‰āļŠāđˆāļ‡āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļœāļđāđ‰āļ—āļģāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ—āļģāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāđƒāļ™āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ”āļĩāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļ™ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āļēāļˆāļˆāļ°āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ™āļģāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ”āļąāļ‡āļāļĨāđˆāļēāļ§āđ„āļ›āđƒāļŠāđ‰āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļ•āļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰ āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļĄāļēāļ„āļĄāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļ­āđ€āļĄāļĢāļīāļāļąāļ™ (journal of American Medical Association JAMA) āļ§āļąāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 10 āļ•āļļāļĨāļēāļ„āļĄ 2024 āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļēāļĒāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ–āļķāļ‡āļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļœāļđāđ‰āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄ (reviewers) āļ§āđˆāļē āđāļ—āđ‰āļˆāļĢāļīāļ‡āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§ āđ€āļāļīāļ™āļ„āļĢāļķāđˆāļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™āđƒāļ™āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĄāļ·āļ­ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ† āļˆāļēāļāļšāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ—āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĢāļ‡āļĄāļēāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĄāļēāļĒāļąāļ‡āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļ–āļēāļšāļąāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ­āļĒāļđāđˆ āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ”āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ„āļģāļ–āļēāļĄāļ–āļķāļ‡ āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ•āļĢāļ‡ integrity āđāļĨāļ° āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĄāļĩāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ•āļĢāļ‡āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļąāļ”āļŠāļīāļ™ āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆāļ°āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĢāļąāļš āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļĢāļąāļšāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāđˆāļ‡āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĄāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āļˆāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āļīāļ”āđ€āļœāļĒāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ”āļąāļ‡āļāļĨāđˆāļēāļ§ āļĄāļĩāļ™āļąāļāļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļ™āļąāļāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒ āļˆāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļŠāļ–āļēāļšāļąāļ™ āđƒāļ™āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻ āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđƒāļ™āļŠāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļ­āđ€āļĄāļĢāļīāļāļē āļĒāļļāđ‚āļĢāļ› āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļąāļ‡āļāļĪāļĐ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļ™āđ€āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļšāđāļĨāļ°āļ–āđˆāļēāļĒāļ—āļ­āļ”āđƒāļ™āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ†āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđ€āļ‰āļžāļēāļ°āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļšāđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ‡āđ‚āļ„āļ§āļīāļ” āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĨāļ‡āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒ āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļĒāļēāļšāļēāļ‡āļ•āļąāļ§ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§āļ§āđˆāļēāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļœāļĨāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđ†āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĢāļēāļ„āļēāļ–āļđāļ āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰ āđāļĨāļ°āļˆāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡āļ–āļķāļ‡āļ‡āļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđ„āļ›āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§āđāļ•āđˆāļšāļĢāļĢāļ“āļēāļ˜āļīāļāļēāļĢāļ–āļ­āļ”āļ­āļ­āļ āđāļĨāļ° āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļāļāđ‡āļ„āļ·āļ­āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļœāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļšāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ āļ–āļķāļ‡āļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļžāļīāļāļēāļĢ āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ–āļđāļāđ€āļ›āļīāļ”āđ€āļœāļĒāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļāđ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ™āļģ āđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™ British Medical journal Lancet New England journal āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ™ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĄāļđāļĨāļ„āđˆāļēāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ‡āļīāļ™āļŠāļ™āļąāļšāļŠāļ™āļļāļ™āđ€āļŦāļĨāđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđˆāļē 1,000,000,000 āđ€āļŦāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļŠāļŦāļĢāļąāļ āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļŠāļģāđ€āļĢāđ‡āļˆ āđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™ āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļžāļđāļ” āļœāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļšāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™ āļˆāļ°āļĄāļĩāļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ­āļ­āļāļĄāļēāļ§āļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āđŒāļ§āđˆāļē āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĨāļ‡āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ”āļĩ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđ„āļ›āđāļĨāđ‰āļ§āđāļ•āđˆāļšāļĢāļĢāļ“āļēāļ˜āļīāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđˆāļ‡āļ–āļ­āļ”āļ­āļ­āļāđāļŠāļ”āļ‡āļ§āđˆāļē āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰ āđāļĄāđ‰āļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡ āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ„āļĨāđ‰āļēāļĒāļ§āļąāļ§āļšāđ‰āļēāđƒāļ™āļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒāļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āđ‚āļ„āļ§āļīāļ”āđ„āļ›āļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ‡āļŠāļ­āļ‡āļŠāļąāļ›āļ”āļēāļŦāđŒāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŠāļĩāļĒāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļŦāđ‰āļēāđ€āļ”āļ·āļ­āļ™ āļˆāļēāļāļ„āļ“āļ° āļŠāļ­āļ‡Prof Luc Montagnier āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļš āļĢāļēāļ‡āļ§āļąāļĨ āđ‚āļ™āđ€āļšāļĨ āļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļ„āđ‰āļ™āļžāļšāđ„āļ§āļĢāļąāļŠāđ€āļ­āļ”āļŠāđŒ āļ–āļđāļāđ„āļĄāđˆāļĢāļąāļšāļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāđƒāļ™āļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢ āļˆāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāđˆāļ‡āļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒāđƒāļ™āļ§āļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļĢāļ­āļ‡āļĨāļ‡āļĄāļēāđāļĨāļ°āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāđƒāļ™āļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ„āļ‡āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ§āđˆāļēāļ™āđˆāļēāļ•āļ·āđˆāļ™āđ€āļ•āđ‰āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ—āļąāļšāđƒāļˆāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ„āđ‰āļ™āļžāļšāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĄāđ‚āļĒāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļāļīāļ”āđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ„āļĨāđ‰āļēāļĒāļ§āļąāļ§āļšāđ‰āļēāđƒāļ™āļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒāļāļąāļšāļ§āļąāļ„āļ‹āļĩāļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļŠāļąāļ”āđ€āļˆāļ™ https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2824834?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email āļĻ āļ™āļž āļ˜āļĩāļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ’āļ™āđŒ āđ€āļŦāļĄāļ°āļˆāļļāļ‘āļē āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĢāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāđāļœāļ™āļ•āļ°āļ§āļąāļ™āļ­āļ­āļ āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļąāļ‡āļŠāļīāļ• āđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ–āļ·āļ­āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­? “āļŦāļĄāļ­āļ˜āļĩāļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ’āļ™āđŒ” āđ€āļœāļĒāļ§āļēāļĢāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ”āļąāļ‡āļ›āļĨāđˆāļ­āļĒ āļāļ.āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĢāļąāļšāļœāļĨāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāļˆāļēāļāļšāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ—āļĒāļē https://mgronline.com/qol/detail/9670000100753 Two years ago, we discussed the lack of evidence supporting the idea that peer review improves the quality of scientific research.  Peer review is meant to guarantee the publication of high-quality research and enhance the quality of published manuscripts. The process should involve independent experts evaluating and assessing research for its quality and reliability. However, a recent JAMA publication questions the integrity and independence of peer review. The research letter addresses the Payments by Drug and Medical Device Manufacturers to US Peer Reviewers of Major Medical Journals. The authors identified peer reviewers for The BMJ, JAMA, The Lancet, and The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) using each journal’s 2022 reviewer list. They then used a US Open payments database to identify whether reviewers had received industry payments. What did they find? Between 2020 and 2022, 1155/1962 peer reviewers (59%) received at least one industry payment. More than half (54%) accepted general payments, while 32% received research payments. Between 2020 and 2022, reviewers received over $1.2 billion in industry payments, including $1 billion to individuals or their institutions. Over the three years, the median general payment was $7,614.   What does this mean? Journals such as the BMJ pride themselves on their competing interest policy. Readers should know the author's competing interests if they publish an article. They ask reviewers to provide a fair, honest, and unbiased assessment of the manuscript's strengths and weaknesses. But how is that possible if you're on the payroll of pharma? Furthermore, no one can identify who is being paid as there is no central database like the US where you can look up who is paying who. The voluntary nature of the system means companies can often conceal payments. For example, the drug industry’s self-regulatory body reprimanded  Novo Nordisk for failing to disclose approximately 500 payments worth £7.8m to over 150 recipients between 2020 and 2022. This latest publication further enhances the status of peer review: it is broken. A system that dates back over 200 years persists because no one can be bothered to address its shortcomings, and too many journals make hefty profits out of its inadequacies to affect the status quo. THE JAMA authors consider that ‘additional research and transparency regarding industry payments in the peer review process are needed.” We think this will be another smokescreen to permit the current system to limp on.  Editorial peer reviews are largely untested; their effects are uncertain and tainted by industry influence. The system needs a radical overhaul which starts with abandoning the current journal system that sucks in vast amounts of cash and distorts the research agenda. The main reasons for the survival of a broken system are tied to the biomedical publication industry. For editors, peer review is a Kevlar shield, a sloping shoulders device - “it ain’t me guv” cop-out clause. For academic authors who have to climb the greasy pole, it’s a system that works both ways; for industry and all those who have to sell something, it’s a cheap advert chance. You only need to read our Antivirals series to understand how the system works and how the public was sold and continues to sell dummies. Rotten decision-makers only have to point to ghost-written trials in mega journals to justify their decisions. You only have to look at our recent Zum Zum posts to see the devastating effects of this broken system. Or look up the Comirnaty series, which was written without data published in journals—it was regulatory data, the closest we are ever going to get to reality. This post was written by two old geezers who have been peer-viewed and have peer-reviewed countless times. Consider becoming a paid subscriber to receive new posts and support our work. October 10, 2024 Payments by Drug and Medical Device Manufacturers to US Peer Reviewers of Major Medical Journals David-Dan Nguyen, MDCM, MPH1,2; Anju Muramaya3,4; Anna-Lisa Nguyen, BHSc5; et al
    JAMANETWORK.COM
    Payments by Drug and Medical Device Manufacturers to US Peer Reviewers of Major Medical Journals
    This study characterizes payments by drug and medical device manufacturers to US peer reviewers of major medical journals.
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  • Do You Remember These Old Dating Slang Words?

    If you thought dating slang originated with terms like ghosting or breadcrumbing, think again. Popular culture has always included pet names and other unique language to describe all things love and romance. Some of these terms originated in the 1950s, ’60s, and ’70s, while others go back even further than that. But all of them helped lay the groundwork for the interesting and sometimes odd dating slang we know and use today. Follow along as we take a look back at some of the most interesting, surprising, and even clever classic dating slang words from decades past. Please note: we’ll be having a frank discussion about sex and other mature dating topics here—but grown-up pants, as always, are optional.


    necking
    What people might call making out today used to be known as necking. Necking is a classic term for “kissing, caressing, and other sexual activity between partners that does not involve stimulation of the genitals or sexual intercourse.” This term has been popular at various points throughout the past several decades, but you might be surprised to learn that the one of the earliest recorded uses of necking to mean “kissing” actually occurred as early as 1825.

    little black book
    These days, people have matches on dating apps and randos in their DMs. Back in the day, they might have had a little black book. This phrase describes “a personal telephone directory [which historically were often small, pocket-size books bound in black] listing girlfriends, or, less often, boyfriends.” While physical address books were more common before computers and cell phones took over, the phrase doesn’t necessarily mean that someone has a physical little black book. Rather, it implied that someone had a lot of dates or was something of a ladies’ man.

    going steady
    If you’re exclusive with a significant other, it used to be said that you were going steady. This phrase, dating back to the early 1900s, means to “date one person exclusively” because you were seeing the same person regularly (“steady”). Steady, as a noun, could also be used in a similar way to boyfriend or girlfriend as a title for the person someone is dating. For example: He asked her to be his steady.

    friend with benefits
    This phrase was popularized in the ’90s by the Alanis Morissette song “Head Over Feet,” and later inspired the title of a 2011 movie starring Justin Timberlake and Mila Kunis. A friend with benefits is “a friend with whom one has sex without a romantic relationship or commitment.” Today, that might also be called a hookup, though friend (or friends) with benefits hasn’t gone extinct. There’s even a text acronym for the term: FWB.

    booty call
    Booty call is another dating term that can be traced back to the early ’90s. It’s a “phone call, text message, email, etc., whose purpose is to arrange a meeting to have casual sex.” Booty call incorporates the slang term booty, which has a surprising history. Booty was known as a vulgar slang term for female genitalia in the early 1900s, then evolved as a milder slang term for buttocks by the 1920s. By the time booty call was born, booty (as is common for historical slang terms that objectify women) denoted both a “female body considered as a sex object” and “the act of sex.”

    wingman
    In the context of dating, a wingman is “a man who helps a friend with romantic relationships, especially one who helps the friend attract a woman.” This dating word was popular in the ’80s and ’90s especially, though it’s still in use today. The term wingman was taken from a 1940s Air Force term for the “pilot in a plane that flies just outside and behind the right wing of the leading aircraft, in order to provide protective support.” Apparently looking for love requires protective support, too.

    Dear John
    If you find yourself the recipient of a Dear John letter, it’s not good news. The phrase is a name for “a letter from a woman informing her boyfriend, husband, or fiancé that she is ending their relationship.” It’s commonly believed to have been coined during World War II when people were separated for long periods of time and communicated via letter. Historically, Biblical names like John and Jack were such common male names they became generic stand-ins used to refer to any man. Though the phrase Dear John (or its female counterpart, Dear Jane) is not as common now, it is used in the title of a popular Taylor Swift song.

    keen
    Are you keen to learn about the next word on the list? Keen means “eager; interested; enthusiastic.” In the 1950s, it was also commonly used to indicate a crush. For example, someone might say I think she’s keen on him. Attractive or especially likable people were also sometimes described as being peachy keen. The word keen has been used as a slang term meaning “wonderful” since at least the 1910s.

    bunny
    Some dating words fell out of favor because they were used in a sexist way. Bunny is one of those words. Bunny is an outdated slang term used to describe “a pretty, appealing, or alluring young woman, often one ostensibly engaged in a sport or similar activity.” For example, an attractive woman at the beach might have been referred to as a “beach bunny.” This phrase was popular in the ’70s but quickly fell out of favor. Now, its use is often considered offensive.

    boo
    Boo might be the original bae (more on this term soon). This ’90s word is an affectionate name for a significant other. The term is thought to have originated in hip hop culture and spread into pop culture from there. Boo may be connected to the French beau or the pet name baby.

    beau
    Speaking of beau, this term of endearment means “a male lover or sweetheart.” You might think of it as a fancier, more old-fashioned way of saying boyfriend. Beau was first recorded in English in the late 1200s, but its use as a dating term can be traced back to the 1720s. The word is related to the French beau, which means “the beautiful.”

    bae
    And that leads us to a much newer term: when you think of Millennial dating slang, it’s hard not to think of bae. This word originated in the early 2000s and enjoyed viral fame throughout the 2010s, thanks to the internet. Bae is “an affectionate term that one uses to address their partner or spouse.” It’s thought to be a shortening of other popular pet names, like babe or baby, and likely originated in Black English. It’s been said bae is an acronym for “before anyone else,” but as fun as this theory is, it’s just a misconception.

    rationed
    This 1940s slang term has a surprising history. During World War II, rationing goods was common. A ration is “a fixed allowance of provisions or food, especially for soldiers or sailors or for civilians during a shortage.” What does this have to do with dating? Well, rationed also became a sort of shorthand for asking women if they were in a relationship or available. As in, Are you rationed? Comparing women to rationed goods like stamps isn’t exactly romantic, so it’s probably no surprise that this one slowly faded into obscurity.

    round the bases
    Bases aren’t just for baseball. They also have a history as popular dating terminology. In the ’80s and ’90s especially, people referred to different levels of physical intimacy as bases. For example, first base means to “engage in petting that goes no further than kissing.” Each subsequent base adds more physically intimate acts. Rounding the bases, then, would mean progressing through these acts towards whatever act—possibly sex—was deemed a home run.

    parking
    If the word parking makes you think of cars, you’re on the right track. Similar to necking, parking is a slang term for “the act of kissing and caressing in a parked car.” This usage was most popular in the ’40s and ’50s, likely due to the rise of car culture and drive-in movie theaters changing the landscape of dating.

    Copyright 2024, XAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.
    Do You Remember These Old Dating Slang Words? If you thought dating slang originated with terms like ghosting or breadcrumbing, think again. Popular culture has always included pet names and other unique language to describe all things love and romance. Some of these terms originated in the 1950s, ’60s, and ’70s, while others go back even further than that. But all of them helped lay the groundwork for the interesting and sometimes odd dating slang we know and use today. Follow along as we take a look back at some of the most interesting, surprising, and even clever classic dating slang words from decades past. Please note: we’ll be having a frank discussion about sex and other mature dating topics here—but grown-up pants, as always, are optional. necking What people might call making out today used to be known as necking. Necking is a classic term for “kissing, caressing, and other sexual activity between partners that does not involve stimulation of the genitals or sexual intercourse.” This term has been popular at various points throughout the past several decades, but you might be surprised to learn that the one of the earliest recorded uses of necking to mean “kissing” actually occurred as early as 1825. little black book These days, people have matches on dating apps and randos in their DMs. Back in the day, they might have had a little black book. This phrase describes “a personal telephone directory [which historically were often small, pocket-size books bound in black] listing girlfriends, or, less often, boyfriends.” While physical address books were more common before computers and cell phones took over, the phrase doesn’t necessarily mean that someone has a physical little black book. Rather, it implied that someone had a lot of dates or was something of a ladies’ man. going steady If you’re exclusive with a significant other, it used to be said that you were going steady. This phrase, dating back to the early 1900s, means to “date one person exclusively” because you were seeing the same person regularly (“steady”). Steady, as a noun, could also be used in a similar way to boyfriend or girlfriend as a title for the person someone is dating. For example: He asked her to be his steady. friend with benefits This phrase was popularized in the ’90s by the Alanis Morissette song “Head Over Feet,” and later inspired the title of a 2011 movie starring Justin Timberlake and Mila Kunis. A friend with benefits is “a friend with whom one has sex without a romantic relationship or commitment.” Today, that might also be called a hookup, though friend (or friends) with benefits hasn’t gone extinct. There’s even a text acronym for the term: FWB. booty call Booty call is another dating term that can be traced back to the early ’90s. It’s a “phone call, text message, email, etc., whose purpose is to arrange a meeting to have casual sex.” Booty call incorporates the slang term booty, which has a surprising history. Booty was known as a vulgar slang term for female genitalia in the early 1900s, then evolved as a milder slang term for buttocks by the 1920s. By the time booty call was born, booty (as is common for historical slang terms that objectify women) denoted both a “female body considered as a sex object” and “the act of sex.” wingman In the context of dating, a wingman is “a man who helps a friend with romantic relationships, especially one who helps the friend attract a woman.” This dating word was popular in the ’80s and ’90s especially, though it’s still in use today. The term wingman was taken from a 1940s Air Force term for the “pilot in a plane that flies just outside and behind the right wing of the leading aircraft, in order to provide protective support.” Apparently looking for love requires protective support, too. Dear John If you find yourself the recipient of a Dear John letter, it’s not good news. The phrase is a name for “a letter from a woman informing her boyfriend, husband, or fiancé that she is ending their relationship.” It’s commonly believed to have been coined during World War II when people were separated for long periods of time and communicated via letter. Historically, Biblical names like John and Jack were such common male names they became generic stand-ins used to refer to any man. Though the phrase Dear John (or its female counterpart, Dear Jane) is not as common now, it is used in the title of a popular Taylor Swift song. keen Are you keen to learn about the next word on the list? Keen means “eager; interested; enthusiastic.” In the 1950s, it was also commonly used to indicate a crush. For example, someone might say I think she’s keen on him. Attractive or especially likable people were also sometimes described as being peachy keen. The word keen has been used as a slang term meaning “wonderful” since at least the 1910s. bunny Some dating words fell out of favor because they were used in a sexist way. Bunny is one of those words. Bunny is an outdated slang term used to describe “a pretty, appealing, or alluring young woman, often one ostensibly engaged in a sport or similar activity.” For example, an attractive woman at the beach might have been referred to as a “beach bunny.” This phrase was popular in the ’70s but quickly fell out of favor. Now, its use is often considered offensive. boo Boo might be the original bae (more on this term soon). This ’90s word is an affectionate name for a significant other. The term is thought to have originated in hip hop culture and spread into pop culture from there. Boo may be connected to the French beau or the pet name baby. beau Speaking of beau, this term of endearment means “a male lover or sweetheart.” You might think of it as a fancier, more old-fashioned way of saying boyfriend. Beau was first recorded in English in the late 1200s, but its use as a dating term can be traced back to the 1720s. The word is related to the French beau, which means “the beautiful.” bae And that leads us to a much newer term: when you think of Millennial dating slang, it’s hard not to think of bae. This word originated in the early 2000s and enjoyed viral fame throughout the 2010s, thanks to the internet. Bae is “an affectionate term that one uses to address their partner or spouse.” It’s thought to be a shortening of other popular pet names, like babe or baby, and likely originated in Black English. It’s been said bae is an acronym for “before anyone else,” but as fun as this theory is, it’s just a misconception. rationed This 1940s slang term has a surprising history. During World War II, rationing goods was common. A ration is “a fixed allowance of provisions or food, especially for soldiers or sailors or for civilians during a shortage.” What does this have to do with dating? Well, rationed also became a sort of shorthand for asking women if they were in a relationship or available. As in, Are you rationed? Comparing women to rationed goods like stamps isn’t exactly romantic, so it’s probably no surprise that this one slowly faded into obscurity. round the bases Bases aren’t just for baseball. They also have a history as popular dating terminology. In the ’80s and ’90s especially, people referred to different levels of physical intimacy as bases. For example, first base means to “engage in petting that goes no further than kissing.” Each subsequent base adds more physically intimate acts. Rounding the bases, then, would mean progressing through these acts towards whatever act—possibly sex—was deemed a home run. parking If the word parking makes you think of cars, you’re on the right track. Similar to necking, parking is a slang term for “the act of kissing and caressing in a parked car.” This usage was most popular in the ’40s and ’50s, likely due to the rise of car culture and drive-in movie theaters changing the landscape of dating. Copyright 2024, XAKKHRA, All Rights Reserved.
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    Clove Essential oil āļĄāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢāļžāļ„āļļāļ“āļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒ āļ­āļēāļ—āļīāđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™.. • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ†āđˆāļēāđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ‚āļĢāļ„ āļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āđāļšāļ„āļ—āļĩāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļšāļĢāļĢāđ€āļ—āļēāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ›āļ§āļ”āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĒ āļ„āļĨāļēāļĒāļāļēāļĢāļŦāļ”āđ€āļāļĢāđ‡āļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļĄāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­ āļšāļĢāļĢāđ€āļ—āļēāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ­āļąāļāđ€āļŠāļš • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļ—āļēāļ™āļ­āļ™āļļāļĄāļđāļĨāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļ° • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļŸāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļŸāļđāļĢāđˆāļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĒāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ”āļĩāļ‚āļķāđ‰āļ™ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđāļāđ‰āļ›āļąāļāļŦāļēāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļšāļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļžāđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ›āļēāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ›āļ§āļ”āļŸāļąāļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ ... āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļšāļģāļšāļąāļ” āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 %... #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
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  • 💐 Neroli Essential oil
    āļĄāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢāļžāļ„āļļāļ“āļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒ āļ­āļēāļ—āļīāđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™..
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđˆāļ­āļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļĢāļīāđ‰āļ§āļĢāļ­āļĒ āļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļąāļāđ€āļŠāļš āļĨāļ”āļĢāļ­āļĒāđāļ•āļāļĨāļēāļĒ
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļĨāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ§āļīāļ•āļāļāļąāļ‡āļ§āļĨ āļ āļēāļ§āļ°āļ‹āļķāļĄāđ€āļĻāļĢāđ‰āļē āļ™āļ­āļ™āđ„āļĄāđˆāļŦāļĨāļąāļš āļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ›āļ§āļ”āļŦāļąāļ§
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļĨāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ”āļąāļ™āđ‚āļĨāļŦāļīāļ•āļŠāļđāļ‡
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļšāļĢāļĢāđ€āļ—āļēāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ›āļ§āļ”āļ›āļĢāļ°āļˆāļģāđ€āļ”āļ·āļ­āļ™

    āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ

    ... āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļšāļģāļšāļąāļ” āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 %...

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    💐 Neroli Essential oil āļĄāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢāļžāļ„āļļāļ“āļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒ āļ­āļēāļ—āļīāđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™.. • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđˆāļ­āļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļĢāļīāđ‰āļ§āļĢāļ­āļĒ āļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļąāļāđ€āļŠāļš āļĨāļ”āļĢāļ­āļĒāđāļ•āļāļĨāļēāļĒ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļĨāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ§āļīāļ•āļāļāļąāļ‡āļ§āļĨ āļ āļēāļ§āļ°āļ‹āļķāļĄāđ€āļĻāļĢāđ‰āļē āļ™āļ­āļ™āđ„āļĄāđˆāļŦāļĨāļąāļš āļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ›āļ§āļ”āļŦāļąāļ§ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļĨāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ”āļąāļ™āđ‚āļĨāļŦāļīāļ•āļŠāļđāļ‡ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļšāļĢāļĢāđ€āļ—āļēāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ›āļ§āļ”āļ›āļĢāļ°āļˆāļģāđ€āļ”āļ·āļ­āļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ ... āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļšāļģāļšāļąāļ” āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 %... #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚ #thaitimes
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  • Oregano Essential oil
    āļĄāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢāļžāļ„āļļāļ“āļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒ āļ­āļēāļ—āļīāđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™..
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđāļšāļ„āļ—āļĩāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒ
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļŦāļ§āļąāļ”āđ„āļ‚āđ‰āļŦāļ§āļąāļ”āđƒāļŦāļāđˆ
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    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļĢāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļīāļ”āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļˆāļēāļāđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļĢāļē

    āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ

    ... āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļšāļģāļšāļąāļ” āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 %...

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    Oregano Essential oil āļĄāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢāļžāļ„āļļāļ“āļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒ āļ­āļēāļ—āļīāđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™.. • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđāļšāļ„āļ—āļĩāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āļŦāļ§āļąāļ”āđ„āļ‚āđ‰āļŦāļ§āļąāļ”āđƒāļŦāļāđˆ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļāļąāļ™ • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ•āđ‰āļēāļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļĢāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļīāļ”āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļˆāļēāļāđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļĢāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ ... āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāđ‰āļēāļ™ Telvada āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āđ€āļāļĢāļ”āļšāļģāļšāļąāļ” āļ­āļ­āđāļāļ™āļīāļ„ 100 %... #telvada #essentialoils #everydayuse #āļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļąāļ™āļŦāļ­āļĄāļĢāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĒ #āļŠāļąāļ‡āļ„āļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļđāđ‰ #tiktokuni #tiktokuni_th #aromatherapy #āļĢāļđāđ‰āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆ #tiktokāđāļ™āļ°āđāļ™āļ§ #fyp #viral #tiktokthailand #foryourpage #fypシ゚
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  • ðŸŒģ Siam Benzoin Essential oil
    āļĄāļĩāļŠāļĢāļĢāļžāļ„āļļāļ“āļŦāļĨāļēāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒ āļ­āļēāļ—āļīāđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™..
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļŦāļēāļĒāđƒāļˆāđ‚āļĨāđˆāļ‡ āļšāļĢāļĢāđ€āļ—āļēāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ­āđˆāļ­āļ™āđ€āļžāļĨāļĩāļĒāļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļžāļąāļāļœāđˆāļ­āļ™āļ™āđ‰āļ­āļĒ
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļ—āļģāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļœāļĄāļ”āļ āđ€āļ‡āļēāļ‡āļēāļĄ āļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāļœāļĄāļĢāđˆāļ§āļ‡ āļĻāļĩāļĢāļĐāļ°āļĨāđ‰āļēāļ™
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļšāļĢāļĢāđ€āļ—āļēāļˆāļļāļ”āļ”āđˆāļēāļ‡āļ”āļģāļ”āļđāļˆāļēāļ‡āļĨāļ‡ āļ—āļģāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļœāļīāļ§āļŦāļ™āļąāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģāļĄāļĩāļ™āļ§āļĨ
    • āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđƒāļŦāđ‰āđāļœāļĨāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļˆāļēāļ‡āļĨāļ‡ āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāļŠāļĄāļēāļ™āđāļœāļĨ

    āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļĩāļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļēāļĒ

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